老年痴呆 数字化

by Kaye Mao

毛凯(Kaye Mao)

设计老年人愉快数字体验的5条原则 (5 Principles for Designing Delightful Digital Experiences for Seniors)

When we got my grandfather his first smart phone, he was thrilled. He had heard all about the wonders of video calling, smart phone photography, and getting the news in one’s pocket. Unfortunately, the font size on the interface was too small. Between his failing eyesight and hand tremors, he simply couldn’t use it.

当我们给祖父买第一部智能手机时，他很高兴 。 他已经听到了有关视频通话，智能手机摄影以及将新闻带到口袋里的各种奇观。 不幸的是，界面上的字体太小。 在视力下降和手震之间，他根本无法使用 。

20% of Canada’s population will be 60 years and older by 2024. — Stats Canada

到2024年，加拿大20％的人口将年满60岁。— Stats Canada

This means that for the first time in Canada, seniors will outnumber children aged 0–14. According to the Pew Research Center, this growing population is adopting technology at a rapid rate.

这意味着在加拿大，老年人的人数将首次超过0-14岁的儿童。 据皮尤研究中心 ( Pew Research Center)称 ，这个不断增长的人口正在Swift采用技术。

So why is technology still so hard for seniors to use in 2017? I wanted to research this problem in my senior design thesis this year.

那么，为什么老年人在2017年仍然很难使用技术？ 我今年想在我的高级设计论文中研究这个问题。

To better understand the challenges of this demographic, I interviewed many people. This included seniors, but also mobile carriers, family members, technology teachers, and researchers to name a few.

为了更好地了解这一人群的挑战，我采访了许多人。 其中包括老年人，还包括移动运营商，家庭成员，技术老师和研究人员，仅举几例。

As you can see from the diagram, this problem space of seniors and technology includes more than just seniors.

从图中可以看到，老年人和技术人员的问题空间不仅仅包括老年人。

I’d like to share 5 principles from my research that have guided me in designing delightful digital experiences for seniors aged 60+.

我想分享研究中的5条原则，这些原则指导我为60岁以上的老年人设计令人愉悦的数字体验。

A small note: the term “seniors” is a broad term which is broken down into 3 sub-ages:

小注释： “高级”一词是一个广义术语，可分为3个子年龄段：

• the young old (60–70)

  年轻人 (60–70岁)

• medium old (70–80)

  中号 (70–80)

• old old (80+).

  旧旧的 (80+)。

The differences between these groups are significant. Those just turning 60 may be very comfortable with technology while a 90 year old may be much less. For the sake of simplicity, I will use the term “senior” to include all of these sub-ages.

这些组之间的差异很大。 刚满60岁的人可能对技术很满意，而90岁的人可能要少得多。 为了简单起见，我将使用术语“高级”来包括所有这些子年龄。

原则1：专注于现实生活，而不是技术。 (Principle #1: Focus on real life, not technology.)

Seniors are not interested in learning technology for technology’s sake. To them, technology is an aid, not a replacement for real life. A common complaint I heard was that texting and video calls do not replace the art of in person communication.

老年人对出于技术的缘故对学习技术不感兴趣。 对他们来说，技术是一种帮助，而不是现实生活的替代品 。 我听到的一个普遍抱怨是，发短信和视频通话并不能取代亲自交流的艺术 。

Getting seniors interested in technology requires framing it in terms of how it can add value to their lives. You need to understand their goals first so you can explain how technology can help them accomplish these goals easier.

要让老年人对技术产生兴趣，就需要从技术如何为他们的生活增值的角度来构筑技术。 您需要首先了解他们的目标，以便您可以解释技术如何帮助他们更轻松地实现这些目标。

原则2.尊重沟通，不要用专业术语。 (Principle 2. Communicate respectfully and without jargon.)

Seniors have a wide range of technology competency. Despite this, it’s better to err on the side of caution. This does not mean dumbing things down, instead practice empathy and understanding.

老年人具有广泛的技术能力。 尽管如此，最好还是谨慎一点。 这并不意味着愚蠢，而是要练习移情和理解。

The telephone has only been around for the past 100 or so years. Smartphones, for the past 30. That means for someone who is 80, smartphones have been around for less than 20% of their life. Smartphones were also notoriously expensive initially. This meant that most households could not afford one.

电话仅在过去的100多年里才问世。 智能手机，在过去30年中。这意味着对于80岁的某人，智能手机的寿命不到其20％。 最初，智能手机也非常昂贵。 这意味着大多数家庭买不起。

So it shouldn’t come as a surprise that for many seniors, technology is foreign. It’s like learning a new language for them. What is a window, tab, and mouse if you’ve never used a computer before? That’s why it’s important to avoid the use of technical terminology and explain when possible.

因此，对于许多老年人来说，技术是外国的，这不足为奇。 就像为他们学习一种新语言一样。 如果您从未使用过计算机，那么窗口，选​​项卡和鼠标是什么？ 因此，避免使用技术术语并在可能的情况下进行解释很重要。

原则3： 提供多种参与方式。 (Principle 3: Provide a choice of mediums for engagement.)

Someone told me a story about an elderly man who needed help filing his immigration papers. He was 70+ and had never touched technology before. The government had made the process completely digital. As such, he gave his credit card information to a librarian to help him. I can only imagine how terrible this situation felt to him. Not only that, but he could have exposed himself up to exploitation.

有人给我讲了一个老人的故事，他需要帮助来提交他的移民文件。 他70岁以上，以前从未接触过技术。 政府已将流程完全数字化。 因此，他将信用卡信息提供给图书馆管理员以帮助他。 我只能想象这种情况对他来说有多可怕。 不仅如此，他还可能遭受剥削。

Technology can be great. But we need to be considerate of citizens who are not as comfortable with it. We need to provide both analog and digital options for engagement. Governments and public services should be especially sensitive to this.

技术可能很棒。 但是，我们需要体谅那些对此不太满意的公民。 我们需要提供参与活动的模拟和数字选项。 政府和公共服务部门应该对此特别敏感。

原则4： 优先考虑显而易见的优先级 。 (Principle 4: Prioritize the obvious over the pretty.)

Seniors may not be as familiar with interaction and user interface patterns. It’s better to be clear and obvious than aesthetically pleasing. Error prevention should be the number one goal in whatever you design. Include words with icons, use high color contrast, make fonts big enough. The WCAG accessibility guidelines are a great reference for designing accessible interfaces.

老年人可能对交互和用户界面模式不那么熟悉。 清晰明了比从审美角度上讲更好。 预防错误应该是您设计中的首要目标。 包含带有图标的单词，使用高对比度，使字体足够大。 WCAG可访问性指南是设计可访问接口的重要参考。

原则5：考虑隐私和安全问题。 (Principle 5: Be considerate of privacy and security concerns.)

People become more critical and independent thinkers as they age. Seniors tend to take a critical approach to technology. This should be celebrated, not judged.

随着年龄的增长，人们变得更加批判和独立。 老年人倾向于采用关键的技术方法。 这应该庆祝，而不是判断。

Privacy and security are primary concerns when using technology. Therefore you should always explain why you want personally identifying information such as names or emails. I recommend avoiding sign-ups in general if possible or presenting it as an optional step.

使用技术时， 隐私和安全性是首要考虑的问题。 因此，您应该始终解释为什么要个人识别信息，例如姓名或电子邮件。 我建议，如果可能的话，一般避免注册，或者将其作为可选步骤显示。

Additionally, you should be careful about appearing too “smart” within your design. An example is suggesting similar items on Amazon based on a user’s purchase history. While useful, this can make seniors feel uneasy if they don’t understand how it works.

另外，您应该注意在设计中显得过于“聪明”。 一个示例是根据用户的购买历史建议在亚马逊上购买类似商品。 虽然有用，但如果他们不了解工作原理，这会使老年人感到不安。

Seniors come in all experience levels when it comes to technology. The principles I’ve defined lean towards the beginner. This will ensure your designs are accessible to the greatest range of seniors.

在技​​术方面，老年人具有各种经验水平。 我定义的原则适合初学者。 这将确保您的设计可供最大范围的老年人使用。

I hope you find these principles useful. The world needs more designs that are inclusive of all people.

我希望您发现这些原则有用。 世界需要更多包含所有人的设计。

Thanks for taking the time read! If you enjoyed this, press that ❤ to help other people learn about designing for seniors.

感谢您抽出宝贵的时间阅读！ 如果您喜欢这样做，请按❤来帮助其他人学习为老年人设计的知识。

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/5-principles-for-designing-delightful-digital-experiences-for-seniors-8ece28229653/

老年痴呆 数字化