开源依旧：再次分享一个进销存系统

开篇

我之前发过一篇博文《两天完成一个小型工程报价系统(三层架构)》，不少朋友向我要源码学习，后来久而久之忘记回复了。今天我再分享一个进销存系统，只为学习，没有复杂的框架和设计模式，有的是我个人的理解，大家互相探讨技术才会提高。当然我的命名不是很规范，兄弟们凑合着看。:)

思想和架构

在传统的三层架构思想上扩展出N层架构，将业务逻辑层换成WCF服务。抽象工厂的引入提高了程序的扩展性，单利+缓存+反射则提升了程序的性能。数据库则换成了Oracle，所以相应的数据访问层也换成了OracleDal，当然你完全可以写SqlServerDal，因为我数据访问层接口都已定义好。

 

界面和控件的设计美化

总体思路和流程---数据库Oracle

数据库既然选择了Oracle，当然先必须安装好Oracle,然后再装Plsql，这一步也是很简单的。不清楚的话，可去查找资料。

对Oracle而言，数据库已服务形式存在，有几个数据库就对应几个服务，删除了数据库后相应的服务也没了，其次一个兼容程序监听着服务。这些都可以自行配置，我不啰嗦了，毕竟我也不熟。我把Oracle脚本导出了，大家只要复制到Commad Window里粘贴即可，但前期创建表空间和用户我还是稍微提一下：

• 首先用你用plsql连接一个服务（数据库Orcl），用Connect as SysDBA进入。
• 创建表空间：注意路径一定要已经存在。

create tablespace invoicing
logging
datafile 'C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\oradata\invoicing.dbf'
size 32M
autoextend on
next 32M maxsize 1024M
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;

• 找到左下角侧用户(Users)，创建用户Invoicing，密码：Invoicing,分配权限：dba，connect
• 用新创建的用户名和密码重新登录。
• 找到Command Window，把我提供给你的脚本复制进去就OK了。

 

总体思路和流程---数据访问层IDAL

• 一个通用的泛型接口：

 public interface IBaseService<T> where T :class{List<T> GetEntities(string sqlWhere);T GetOneEntityByID(int id);T AddEntity(T entity);bool UpdateEntity(T entity);bool DeleteEntity(string sqlWhere);}

• 某个数据访问层接口实继承这个泛型接口

    public interface ICommodityService:IBaseService<Model.CommodityModel>{}

总体思路和流程---抽象工厂Abstract

•  public abstract class DalFactory{public abstract IDAL.ICommodityService CommdityDal{get;}public abstract IDAL.IPurchaseCommodityService PurchaseCommdityDal{get;}public abstract IDAL.IPurchaseOrdersService PurchaseOrderDal{get;}public abstract IDAL.ISalesCommodityService SalesCommodityDal{get;}public abstract IDAL.ISalesOrdersService SalesOrderDal{get;}public abstract IDAL.IUserService UserDal{get;}}

  总体思路和流程---数据访问层Dal

• 为了提高效率，可以考虑缓存

        public override IDAL.ICommodityService CommdityDal{//缓存里拿get {OracleDAL.CommodityService instance = System.Web.HttpRuntime.Cache["CommodityDal"] as OracleDAL.CommodityService;if (instance == null){instance = new OracleDAL.CommodityService();System.Web.HttpRuntime.Cache.Add("CommodityDal", instance, null, System.Web.Caching.Cache.NoAbsoluteExpiration, System.Web.Caching.Cache.NoSlidingExpiration, System.Web.Caching.CacheItemPriority.Normal, null);}return instance;}}

• OracleHelper和System.Data.OracleClient来实现数据访问层

namespace Insigma.Eyes.PSS.OracleDAL
{public class CommodityService:ICommodityService{public List<Model.CommodityModel> GetEntities(string sqlWhere){string sql = string.Format("select * from commodity where 1=1 {0}",sqlWhere);List<Model.CommodityModel> listCommodities = new List<Model.CommodityModel>();//Using 限定对象使用的范围在花括号里面，出了花括号后释放资源using (OracleDataReader odr=OracleHelper.ExecuteReader(OracleHelper.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, sql, null)){while (odr.Read()){Model.CommodityModel commodity = new Model.CommodityModel();commodity.ID = odr.GetInt32(0);commodity.Name = odr.IsDBNull(1) ? "" : odr.GetString(1);commodity.Type = odr.IsDBNull(2) ? "" : odr.GetString(2);commodity.Manufacturer = odr.IsDBNull(3) ? "" : odr.GetString(3);commodity.Inventory = odr.IsDBNull(4) ? 0 : odr.GetInt32(4);commodity.UnitPrice = odr.IsDBNull(5) ? 0 : odr.GetDecimal(5);commodity.Unit = odr.IsDBNull(6) ? "" : odr.GetString(6);listCommodities.Add(commodity);}}return listCommodities;}public Model.CommodityModel GetOneEntityByID(int id){string sqlWhere = string.Format(" and id={0}",id);List<Model.CommodityModel> list = GetEntities(sqlWhere);return list.SingleOrDefault(c => c.ID == id);
        }private int GetNewID(){string sql = "select s_commodity.nextval from dual";return int.Parse(OracleHelper.ExecuteScalar(OracleHelper.ConnectionString,CommandType.Text,sql,null).ToString());}public Model.CommodityModel AddEntity(Model.CommodityModel entity){entity.ID = GetNewID();string sql = string.Format(@"insert into Commodity(ID,Name,Type,Manufacturer,Inventory,UnitPrice,Unit) values({0},'{1}','{2}','{3}',{4},{5},'{6}')", entity.ID, entity.Name, entity.Type, entity.Manufacturer, entity.Inventory, entity.UnitPrice, entity.UnitPrice);if (OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(OracleHelper.ConnectionString,CommandType.Text,sql,null)>0){return entity;}else{return null;}}public bool UpdateEntity(Model.CommodityModel entity){string sql = string.Format("update Commodity set Name='{0}',Type='{1}',Manufacturer='{2}',Inventory={3},UnitPrice={4},Unit='{5}' where ID={6}",entity.Name, entity.Type, entity.Manufacturer, entity.Inventory, entity.UnitPrice, entity.Unit, entity.ID);return OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(OracleHelper.ConnectionString,CommandType.Text,sql,null)>0; }public bool DeleteEntity(string sqlWhere){string sql = string.Format("delete form Commodity where 1=1 {0}",sqlWhere);return OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(OracleHelper.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, sql, null) > 0;}}
}

总体思路和流程---业务逻辑层WCF

• wcf是什么，最简单理解就是接口，契约，当然你可以更加深入研究。我学的也不深。

namespace Insigma.Eyes.PSS.BLLWCFService
{// 注意: 使用“重构”菜单上的“重命名”命令，可以同时更改代码和配置文件中的接口名“ICommodityManagerService”。
    [ServiceContract]public interface ICommodityManagerService{[OperationContract][FaultContract(typeof(Exception))]CommodityModel[] GetCommodities(string name,string type,string manufacturer,string priceLow,string priceHigh);[OperationContract]CommodityModel[] GetCommoditiesByCondition(string condition);[OperationContract]CommodityModel GetOneCommodity(int id);[OperationContract][FaultContract(typeof(Exception))]CommodityModel AddCommodity(CommodityModel oneCommodity);[OperationContract][FaultContract(typeof(Exception))]bool UpdateCommodity(Model.CommodityModel commodity);}
}

• 实现上面定义的接口契约：

    public class PurchaseManagerService : IPurchaseManagerService{//
        private AbstractFactory.DalFactory dataFactory = null;public PurchaseManagerService(){dataFactory = DefaultProviderDal.DefaultDataProviderFactory;}public Model.PurchaseOrdersModel[] GetPurchaseOrders(string orderNumber, string orderDateStart, string orderDateEnd, string status){string sqlWhere = "";if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(orderNumber)){sqlWhere += string.Format(" and orderNumber like '%{0}%'", orderNumber);}if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(orderDateStart)){try{DateTime dt = DateTime.Parse(orderDateStart);sqlWhere += string.Format(" and orderDate>=to_date('{0}','yyyy-MM-dd')", dt.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"));}catch{Exception oe = new Exception();throw new FaultException<Exception>(oe, "查询条件开始时间有误!");}}if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(orderDateEnd)){try{DateTime dt = DateTime.Parse(orderDateEnd);sqlWhere += string.Format(" and orderDate<=to_date('{0}','yyyy-MM-dd')", dt.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"));}catch{Exception oe = new Exception();throw new FaultException<Exception>(oe, "查询条件截至时间有误!");}}if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(status)){sqlWhere += string.Format(" and Status='{0}'", status);}//IDAL.IPurchaseOrdersService purchaseOrdersService = new OracleDAL.PurchaseOrderService();//return purchaseOrdersService.GetEntities(sqlWhere).ToArray();return dataFactory.PurchaseOrderDal.GetEntities(sqlWhere).ToArray();}public Model.PurchaseCommodityModel[] GetPurchaseCommoditiesByID(int purchaseID){string sqlWhere = string.Format(" and PurchaseOrderID={0}",purchaseID);//看看数据库里面的字段//IDAL.IPurchaseCommodityService purchaseCommodityService =new OracleDAL.PurchaseCommodityService();//return purchaseCommodityService.GetEntities(sqlWhere).ToArray();return dataFactory.PurchaseCommdityDal.GetEntities(sqlWhere).ToArray();}public Model.PurchaseCommodityModel AddPurchaseCommodityModel(Model.PurchaseCommodityModel onePurchaseCommodity){//return new OracleDAL.PurchaseCommodityService().AddEntity(onePurchaseCommodity);return dataFactory.PurchaseCommdityDal.AddEntity(onePurchaseCommodity);}//几个ID要分清楚public bool PostPurchaseOrder(int id){Model.PurchaseOrdersModel oneOrder=GetOnePurchaseOrder(id);if (oneOrder.Status.Equals("已入库")){Exception oe = new Exception();throw new FaultException<Exception>(oe,"订单已经提交，请务重复提交");}List<Model.PurchaseCommodityModel> purchaseCommoditiesList = GetPurchaseCommoditiesByID(id).ToList();IDAL.ICommodityService commodityService = new OracleDAL.CommodityService();foreach (Model.PurchaseCommodityModel onePurchaseCommodity in purchaseCommoditiesList){Model.CommodityModel commodityModel = new Model.CommodityModel();commodityModel.ID = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityID;commodityModel.Manufacturer = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityManufacturer;commodityModel.Name = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityName;commodityModel.Type = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityType;commodityModel.Unit = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityUnit;commodityModel.UnitPrice = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityUnitPrice;commodityModel.Inventory = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityInventory + onePurchaseCommodity.Count;//这儿不会出现异常了吧，否则要回滚
                commodityService.UpdateEntity(commodityModel);}oneOrder.Status = "已入库";return new OracleDAL.PurchaseOrderService().UpdateEntity(oneOrder);}public Model.PurchaseOrdersModel GetOnePurchaseOrder(int id){//return new OracleDAL.PurchaseOrderService().GetOneEntityByID(id);return dataFactory.PurchaseOrderDal.GetOneEntityByID(id);}public Model.PurchaseCommodityModel GetOnePurchaseCommoditiesByID(int purchaseCommodityID){//return new OracleDAL.PurchaseCommodityService().GetOneEntityByID(purchaseCommodityID);return dataFactory.PurchaseCommdityDal.GetOneEntityByID(purchaseCommodityID);}public bool UpdatePurchaseCommodity(Model.PurchaseCommodityModel model){//return new OracleDAL.PurchaseCommodityService().UpdateEntity(model);return dataFactory.PurchaseCommdityDal.UpdateEntity(model);}public bool DeletePurchaseCommodity(int id){string sqlWhere = " and id=" + id;//return new OracleDAL.PurchaseCommodityService().DeleteEntity(sqlWhere);return dataFactory.PurchaseCommdityDal.DeleteEntity(sqlWhere);}public Model.PurchaseOrdersModel AddPurchaseOrder(Model.PurchaseOrdersModel purchaseOrder){//return new OracleDAL.PurchaseOrderService().AddEntity(purchaseOrder);return dataFactory.PurchaseOrderDal.AddEntity(purchaseOrder);}public bool UpdatePurchaseOrder(Model.PurchaseOrdersModel onePurchaseOrder){//return new OracleDAL.PurchaseOrderService().UpdateEntity(onePurchaseOrder);return dataFactory.PurchaseOrderDal.UpdateEntity(onePurchaseOrder);}public bool DeletePurchaseCommoditiesByPurchaseOrderID(int purchaseOrderID){string sqlWhere = " and PurchaseOrderID=" + purchaseOrderID;//调用另一个模块，调用BLL比较好//return new OracleDAL.PurchaseCommodityService().DeleteEntity(sqlWhere);return dataFactory.PurchaseCommdityDal.DeleteEntity(sqlWhere);}public bool DeleteOrderID(int id){string sqlWhere = string.Format(" and id={0}", id);//return new OracleDAL.PurchaseOrderService().DeleteEntity(sqlWhere);return dataFactory.PurchaseOrderDal.DeleteEntity(sqlWhere);}}
}

•  dataFactory = DefaultProviderDal.DefaultDataProviderFactory;其实是个单利，我只要反射出一次工厂足以。
  

   public class DefaultProviderDal{private static AbstractFactory.DalFactory instance = null;static DefaultProviderDal(){//string filePath = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/DataProvider");string filePath = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase;string dllFileName = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DataProviderDllFile"];string dalFactoryClassName = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DataProviderFactoryName"];System.Reflection.Assembly dll = System.Reflection.Assembly.LoadFile(filePath + "DataProvider\\" + dllFileName);instance = dll.CreateInstance(dalFactoryClassName) as AbstractFactory.DalFactory;}public DefaultProviderDal(){}public static AbstractFactory.DalFactory DefaultDataProviderFactory{get {return instance;}}}

  总体思路和流程---UI

• 对WCF而言，实例化对象越多(如CommodityManagerServiceClient类的实例)，对服务器压力越大，所以也可以考虑单利。

    public class WCFServiceBLL{//对WCF而言，对象实例化越多，对服务器压力越大。static BLLCommodity.CommodityManagerServiceClient commodityClient;static BLLSalesOrders.SalesManagerServiceClient salesClient;static BLLUsers.UserManagerServiceClient userClient;static BLLPurchaseOrders.PurchaseManagerServiceClient purchaseClient;public static CommodityManagerServiceClient GetCommodityService(){if (commodityClient==null){commodityClient = new CommodityManagerServiceClient();}if (commodityClient.State==CommunicationState.Closed){commodityClient = new CommodityManagerServiceClient();}if (commodityClient.State==CommunicationState.Faulted){commodityClient = new CommodityManagerServiceClient();}return commodityClient;

补充

由于数据库之间的主外键关系以及多表查询，为了方便，我创建了视图，这和SqlServer里面是一样的(Oracle里面是Create Or Replace)，当然你也可以建立外键对象，我上个项目就是这么干的，当然ORM我们就不讨论了。

create or replace view v_purchasecommodity as
select pc.id,pc.purchaseorderid,pc.commodityid,c.name CommodityName,
c.type commodityType,c.manufacturer CommodityManufacturer,c.inventory CommodityInventory,
c.unitprice CommodityUnitPrice,c.unit CommodityUnit,pc.count,pc.purchaseprice,pc.totalprice
from purchasecommodity pc inner join commodity c on pc.commodityid = c.id;

再补充一点：Oracle的自动增长列并不是像SqlServer那样设置一下，就会自动增长，Oracle里面需要你自己创建Sequences,图形操作也行，命令也行，我导出的Oracle脚本里面已经包含了相应的Sequences,应该可以看懂的。其余差别不大，相信你能看懂。

create sequence INVOICING.S_USERS
minvalue 1
maxvalue 999999999999999999999999999
start with 1
increment by 1
cache 20;

 关于界面美化的一些心得：

Winform程序功能很重要，但能提高用户体验那是最完美的，所以我用了一些图标，设置相应的大小，当然用户控件也是很重要的一部分，用户控件嵌套在窗体里面是很简单的：

  public class LoadControls{public static void LoadInventory(Control parent){parent.Controls.Clear();Inventory inventory = new Inventory();inventory.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;parent.Controls.Add(inventory);}public static void LoadPurchase(Control parent){parent.Controls.Clear();Purchase purchase = new Purchase();purchase.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;parent.Controls.Add(purchase);}public static void LoadSales(Control parent){parent.Controls.Clear();Sales sales = new Sales();sales.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;parent.Controls.Add(sales);}

 

 

 

总结

没有什么犹豫就写完了这篇博文，我把源代码贡献出来，当然这个例子只为学习，有需要的兄弟们可以拿去参考参考，大家多交流交流，才会相互促进进步，如果您觉得满意的话，不放支持我一下，帮忙顶个，有动力才有精力写出更好的博客，3x:)

 

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