Java的List和Json转换以及StringRedisTemplate往redis存泛型对象

List转Json

List<User> user= new ArrayList();
String str = JSON.toJSONString(user);

Json 转List方法一

List<User> user= JSON.parseArray(json,User.class); 

如果是泛型方法需要使用TypeReference

Json 转List 方法二

String json = "[{}]"; 
List<user> user= JSON.parseObject(json,new TypeReference<List<User>>(){});

泛型T

Json 转List方法三

List<T> students = JSON.parseObject(listCache,new TypeReference<List<T>>(){});

综合例子：Springboot环境下利用StringRedisTemplate往redis存泛型对象

一开始要注入下StringRedisTemplate

@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate redisTemplate;

Redis获取值不存在就从数据库取出来json化存缓存，存在则直接反序列化json为List

List<T> list;
String listCache=redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
if(listCache!=null){list = JSON.parseObject(listCache,new TypeReference<List<T>>(){});
}
else {list = userService.getAllList();redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, JSON.toJSONString(list), 60 * 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}

附录：TypeReference源码

package com.alibaba.fastjson;import java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;
import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;import com.alibaba.fastjson.util.ParameterizedTypeImpl;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils;/** * Represents a generic type {@code T}. Java doesn't yet provide a way to* represent generic types, so this class does. Forces clients to create a* subclass of this class which enables retrieval the type information even at* runtime.** <p>For example, to create a type literal for {@code List<String>}, you can* create an empty anonymous inner class:** <pre>* TypeReference&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt; list = new TypeReference&lt;List&lt;String&gt;&gt;() {};* </pre>* This syntax cannot be used to create type literals that have wildcard* parameters, such as {@code Class<?>} or {@code List<? extends CharSequence>}.*/
public class TypeReference<T> {static ConcurrentMap<Type, Type> classTypeCache= new ConcurrentHashMap<Type, Type>(16, 0.75f, 1);protected final Type type;/*** Constructs a new type literal. Derives represented class from type* parameter.** <p>Clients create an empty anonymous subclass. Doing so embeds the type* parameter in the anonymous class's type hierarchy so we can reconstitute it* at runtime despite erasure.*/protected TypeReference(){Type superClass = getClass().getGenericSuperclass();Type type = ((ParameterizedType) superClass).getActualTypeArguments()[0];Type cachedType = classTypeCache.get(type);if (cachedType == null) {classTypeCache.putIfAbsent(type, type);cachedType = classTypeCache.get(type);}this.type = cachedType;}/*** @since 1.2.9* @param actualTypeArguments*/protected TypeReference(Type... actualTypeArguments){Class<?> thisClass = this.getClass();Type superClass = thisClass.getGenericSuperclass();ParameterizedType argType = (ParameterizedType) ((ParameterizedType) superClass).getActualTypeArguments()[0];Type rawType = argType.getRawType();Type[] argTypes = argType.getActualTypeArguments();int actualIndex = 0;for (int i = 0; i < argTypes.length; ++i) {if (argTypes[i] instanceof TypeVariable &&actualIndex < actualTypeArguments.length) {argTypes[i] = actualTypeArguments[actualIndex++];}// fix for openjdk and android envif (argTypes[i] instanceof GenericArrayType) {argTypes[i] = TypeUtils.checkPrimitiveArray((GenericArrayType) argTypes[i]);}// 如果有多层泛型且该泛型已经注明实现的情况下，判断该泛型下一层是否还有泛型if(argTypes[i] instanceof ParameterizedType) {argTypes[i] = handlerParameterizedType((ParameterizedType) argTypes[i], actualTypeArguments, actualIndex);}}Type key = new ParameterizedTypeImpl(argTypes, thisClass, rawType);Type cachedType = classTypeCache.get(key);if (cachedType == null) {classTypeCache.putIfAbsent(key, key);cachedType = classTypeCache.get(key);}type = cachedType;}private Type handlerParameterizedType(ParameterizedType type, Type[] actualTypeArguments, int actualIndex) {Class<?> thisClass = this.getClass();Type rawType = type.getRawType();Type[] argTypes = type.getActualTypeArguments();for(int i = 0; i < argTypes.length; ++i) {if (argTypes[i] instanceof TypeVariable && actualIndex < actualTypeArguments.length) {argTypes[i] = actualTypeArguments[actualIndex++];}// fix for openjdk and android envif (argTypes[i] instanceof GenericArrayType) {argTypes[i] = TypeUtils.checkPrimitiveArray((GenericArrayType) argTypes[i]);}// 如果有多层泛型且该泛型已经注明实现的情况下，判断该泛型下一层是否还有泛型if(argTypes[i] instanceof ParameterizedType) {return handlerParameterizedType((ParameterizedType) argTypes[i], actualTypeArguments, actualIndex);}}Type key = new ParameterizedTypeImpl(argTypes, thisClass, rawType);return key;}/*** Gets underlying {@code Type} instance.*/public Type getType() {return type;}public final static Type LIST_STRING = new TypeReference<List<String>>() {}.getType();
}

TypeReference的存在是因为java中子类可以获取到父类泛型的真实类型。

其中核心的方法是：getActualTypeArguments，它可以得到父类的反省类型

ParameterizedType是一个记录类型泛型的接口, 继承自Type,一共三方法:

Type[] getActualTypeArguments(); //返回泛型类型数组
Type getRawType(); //返回原始类型Type
Type getOwnerType(); //返回 Type 对象，表示此类型是其成员之一的类型。
https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/609441

Map<String, Integer> intMap = new HashMap<>();System.out.println("getSuperclass:" + intMap.getClass().getSuperclass());System.out.println("getGenericSuperclass:" + intMap.getClass().getGenericSuperclass());Type type = intMap.getClass().getGenericSuperclass();if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {ParameterizedType p = (ParameterizedType)type;for (Type t : p.getActualTypeArguments()) {System.out.println("getActualTypeArguments>>>"+t);}}

扩展阅读Java如何获得泛型类的真实类型：

package com.paopaoedu.springboot.demo;import com.paopaoedu.springboot.bean.User;import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;public class BaseDao<T>{private Class<T> clazz;// 使用反射技术得到T的真实类型public Class getRealType(){Class c=this.getClass();//getSuperclass()获得该类的父类System.out.println("getSuperclass        >>>"+c.getSuperclass());//getGenericSuperclass()获得带有泛型的父类System.out.println("getGenericSuperclass >>>"+c.getGenericSuperclass());//Type是 Java 编程语言中所有类型的公共高级接口。它们包括原始类型、参数化类型、数组类型、类型变量和基本类型。Type type=c.getGenericSuperclass();System.out.println("Type                 >>>"+type);//ParameterizedType参数化类型，即泛型// 获取当前new的对象的泛型的父类类型ParameterizedType pt = (ParameterizedType) this.getClass().getGenericSuperclass();// 获取第一个类型参数的真实类型this.clazz = (Class<T>) pt.getActualTypeArguments()[0];c=(Class) pt.getActualTypeArguments()[0];System.out.println(c);return clazz;}}class userdemo extends BaseDao<User>{public static void main(String[] args) {userdemo classB = new userdemo();Class realType = classB.getRealType();System.out.println(realType.getName());}
}