2_Selenium对象识别

1 准备工作

• firebug和firepath

　　　　我们使用xpath进行元素定位，所以需要安装firefox的两个插件，帮助编写xpath

• html知识

　　　　在编写xpath的时候，需要查看html代码，所以需要理解html知识，可以到http://www.w3school.com.cn/去自学

• xpath知识

　　　　也可以到http://www.w3school.com.cn/学习

2 一般对象识别及操作代码

package com.selenium.test;import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;public class Test2 {public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();    //启动火狐浏览器driver.manage().window().maximize();    //最大化浏览器driver.navigate().to("http://www.baidu.com/");    //导航到百度//登录 - 链接WebElement linkLogin = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='u1']/a[text()='登录']"));linkLogin.click();//等待2秒Thread.sleep(3000);//用户名、密码 - 输入框WebElement textUsername = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='TANGRAM__PSP_8__userName']"));textUsername.clear();textUsername.sendKeys("栗子测试");WebElement textPassword = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='TANGRAM__PSP_8__password']"));textPassword.clear();textPassword.sendKeys("2472471982");//登录 - 按钮WebElement buttonLogin = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='TANGRAM__PSP_8__submit']"));buttonLogin.click();//等待2秒Thread.sleep(3000);//悬停Actions action = new Actions(driver); WebElement linkMe = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[@id='s_username_top']/span"));action.moveToElement(linkMe).perform();//账号设置 - 链接WebElement linkSeniorSearch = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='s_user_name_menu']/div/a[3]"));linkSeniorSearch.click();//账号设置 - 窗口跳转String firstWindowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();    //获取第一个窗口句柄Set<String> towHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();for (String handle : towHandles) {    //遍历所有窗口句柄System.out.println("+++" + handle); driver.switchTo().window(handle);    //切换两次，切换到第二个窗口
        }//修改资料 - 链接WebElement linkModifyData = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='content']//a[text()='修改资料']"));linkModifyData.click();//修改资料 - 窗口跳转Set<String> threeHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();    //获取三个窗口句柄threeHandles.removeAll(towHandles);        //移除原来的两个句柄String thirdWindowHandle = threeHandles.iterator().next();    //剩下一个句柄driver.switchTo().window(thirdWindowHandle);    //切换到第三个窗口//性别 - 单选（被看做一组）List<WebElement> radiosGender = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@name='passport_sex']"));    //定位所有单选按钮radiosGender.get(1).click();    //index从0开始//血型 - 此下拉框非Select，只是样式像WebElement divBlood= driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='cussel1000002']/div"));    divBlood.click();WebElement linkBlood= driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='cussel1000002']//a[text()='AB']"));    linkBlood.click();//保存 - 按钮WebElement buttonSaveBasic = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//form[@id='profile']/child::input"));buttonSaveBasic.click();//详细资料 - 链接WebElement linkDetailedInfo = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='content']//a[text()='详细资料']"));linkDetailedInfo.click();//等待1秒Thread.sleep(1000);//性格 - 多选框（被看做一组）List<WebElement> checkboxCharacter = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//form[@id='profile']/table//tr[@class='passport_character']//input"));WebElement  element = checkboxCharacter.get(6);element.click();//保存 - 按钮WebElement buttonSaveDetailedInfo = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//form[@id='profile']/child::input"));buttonSaveDetailedInfo.click();//关闭当前窗口，回到第一个窗口
        driver.close();driver.switchTo().window(firstWindowHandle);}}

 3 其他对象操作及代码

• 下拉框

WebElement selectElement = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//td[@id='adv-setting-4']/select"));    //先定位下拉框
Select select = new Select(selectElement);
select.selectByVisibleText("最近一天");

• 上传文件

WebElement file = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='uploadfile']/input"));
file.sendKeys("C:\\test.txt");

• JS

JavascriptExecutor js2 = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
js2.executeScript("alert('栗子测试，QQ：2472471982')");
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();    //切换到弹出窗
alert.accept();

• JS属性设置

JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
js.executeScript("document.getElementById('saveButton').firstElementChild.disabled = false");

• iframe

WebElement iframe = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//iframe[@name='contect']"));
driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);
WebElement text = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='username']"));
text.clear();
text.sendKeys("栗子测试，QQ：2472471982");

• 弹出框

WebElement link = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='alert']/input"));
link.click();
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();    //切换到弹出窗
alert.accept();

• 后退

driver.navigate().back();

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