定制开发软件所有权

介绍 (Introduction)

您的职业正在流向大海吗？ (Is Your Career Drifting Out To Sea?)

Like a frog who's slowly being boiled in a pot but doesn't realize it, 2 years into my career I slowly came to discover that I wasn't progressing anywhere near what I thought I should have.

就像一只青蛙慢慢地在锅中煮沸，但是没有意识到这一点一样，在我职业生涯的两年里，我逐渐发现自己并没有进步到我应该拥有的水平。

I was learning tons and growing in my skills. But it seemed like that didn't matter.

我正在学习大量知识并不断提高自己的技能。 但这似乎并不重要。

Failed job interviews, tiny salary increases after delivering on difficult long-term projects, bitterness, etc. were the results.

失败的工作面试，完成艰苦的长期项目后的微不足道的薪水，痛苦等。

Have you ever felt the same way as I did? Feel like your quality of work and effort doesn't get the recognition and results you expected?

你有没有和我一样的感觉？ 感觉您的工作和努力质量没有得到您期望的认可和结果？

One year, I was flat-out told that I wouldn't be getting a raise because I had spent some time on parental leave (even though I had delivered on a critical project that year).

一年，我被告知，我不会加薪，因为我花了一些时间休育儿假(即使那年我完成了一个关键项目)。

Another time, I failed a job interview due to my poor attitude and bitterness towards a situation which in reality was a very complex project that needed strong ownership, patience and leadership.

还有一次，由于我对这种情况的不良态度和痛苦，我的求职面试失败了。实际上，这是一个非常复杂的项目，需要强大的主人翁精神，耐心和领导才能。

我拥有自己的职业生涯 (I Took Ownership Of My Career)

Faced with the reality of career progression as a software developer, I decided to make an intentional effort to take ownership of my career.

面对作为软件开发人员的职业发展的现实，我决定做出自己的努力以拥有自己的职业生涯。

What does that mean, you ask?

你问什么意思？

Taking ownership of your career means that you realize your career is an organic thing that you can either nurture and grow, ignore or even damage.

拥有事业的所有权意味着您意识到自己的事业是有机的，可以培育和成长，无视乃至损害。

It's like a garden: deciding what seeds to plant, where to plant, how to nurture your plants, deciding what plants to sow more of, etc.

这就像一个花园：决定要种植的种子，在哪里种植，如何培育植物，决定要播种更多的植物等。

If you are intentional about planting and maintaining your garden then you should get results.

如果您有意种植和维护花园，那么您应该得到结果。

If you don't maintain your plants then your garden will most likely get grown over with weeds and not do so well!

如果您不养护植物，那么您的花园很可能会长满杂草而生长不佳！

And, if you don't plant any seeds yet expect a garden to appear - well, that's kinda crazy.

而且，如果您不种任何种子，但仍希望有花园出现，那真是太疯狂了。

Your career is the same! If you simply expect that "doing a good job" will land you promotions or position you as a competitive asset in the job market then it's just like that last analogy of ignoring your garden!

你的事业是一样的！ 如果您只是简单地期望“做好工作”将使您获得晋升或将您定位为就业市场中的竞争资产，那么就像最后一个类比忽略花园一样！

做好工作意味着被认可吗？ (Does Doing Good Work Mean Getting Recognized?)

For myself, the root falsehood I believed was that doing good work would lead to being recognized.

对我自己而言，我相信根本的谬误是做好工作会导致被认可。

Sadly, most of the time, that's just not true.

可悲的是，在大多数情况下，这不是事实。

Our managers are overloaded with their tasks. They are juggling personal issues, internal HR conflicts, overdue projects, etc.

我们的经理人忙于工作。 他们正在处理个人问题，内部人力资源冲突，逾期项目等。

Is "just doing a good job" going to make you stand-out in their minds? Nope.

“做好工作”是否会让您在他们的脑海中脱颖而出？ 不。

This is the biggest piece of advice I give everyone who comes to me with career advice:

这是我给所有提供职业建议的人的最大建议：

You need to simply stand-out.

您只需脱颖而出。

Whether that's within your company, among other resumes, within the greater developer community, etc.

无论是在公司内部，还是在其他简历中，还是在更大的开发人员社区中，等等。

声誉 (Reputation)

它是什么？ (What Is It?)

Reputation just means "how much you stand-out" combined with your overall professional competence.

声誉只是意味着“您有多少出色”与您的整体专业能力相结合。

Reputation = How much you stand-out + competence.

声誉=您的杰出程度+能力。

Think of your programming "heroes": they are very skilled and competent. Yet, they are constantly putting themselves in public by promoting themselves, sharing their thoughts, sharing their "wins", etc.

想想您的编程“英雄”：他们非常熟练并且胜任。 但是 ，他们通过宣传自己，分享思想，分享“胜利”等方式不断地将自己公开。

Do you think they have trouble landing new jobs? Nope.

您认为他们在找到新工作方面遇到困难吗？ 不。

Does that mean you need to become a programming hero to get promoted and land that new job? Not at all.

这是否意味着您需要成为一名编程英雄才能获得升职并获得新工作？ 一点也不。

I'm simply pointing out that self-promotion, helping other people, getting involved in communities, networking with other professionals and building long-lasting relationships are all part of building your reputation.

我只是在指出，自我提升，帮助他人，参与社区活动，与其他专业人员建立联系并建立持久的关系都是建立声誉的一部分。

If you are always helping your manager, discussing your "wins" and asking about how your work has affected the company then you'll ensure that you're top of mind.

如果您一直在帮助您的经理，讨论您的“胜利”并询问您的工作如何影响了公司，那么您将确保自己处于首要位置。

The fact is, most developers hardly talk to their managers about their work and how it's impacting the company.

事实是，大多数开发人员几乎不与他们的经理谈论他们的工作及其对公司的影响。

Tip: Show an interest in your manager. Make their job easier by doing awesome work. And, ask about how your work is improving the company. One-on-one meetings are a great time to ask about these things.

提示：对您的经理表现出兴趣。 通过出色的工作使他们的工作更轻松。 并且，询问您的工作如何改善公司。 一对一会议是询问这些事情的好时机。

别人问你的问题 (Questions That Others Ask About YOU)

Everyone is forming an opinion and view of who you are, how skilled you are, etc.

每个人都对您的身份，技能水平等形成看法和看法。

Here's a short list to get you thinking about what others are asking themselves about YOU:

这是一份简短的清单，可让您考虑其他人在问自己有关您的问题 ：

• Are they kind?
  他们好吗？
• Helpful?
  有帮助吗？
• Intelligent?
  智能？
• Do good work?
  做得好吗
• Produce results?
  产生结果？
• Learns quickly?
  学得快？
• Good at mentoring and teaching others?
  善于指导和教别人吗？

Make sure that you can "check" all of those off!

确保您可以“检查”所有这些选项！

If you are always complaining and have a poor attitude, then your peers will not see you in a good light.

如果您一直在抱怨并且态度不好，那么您的同伴将不会看到您的良好状态。

On the other hand, if you aren't learning and growing then your peers will see you like a stagnant resource that will, over time, drag down the team!

另一方面，如果您没有学习和成长，那么您的同龄人将看到您就像停滞的资源，随着时间的流逝，这将拖累团队！

导航您的职业阶段 (Navigating The Stages Of Your Career)

Before looking at the specifics of how you can start to grow your reputation and grow in your career, you should get an idea of what general career stage you are at.

在研究如何开始提高声誉和职业发展的具体细节之前，您应该先了解自己所处的总体职业阶段。

I use a simple framework to layout the common career path stages that most software developers will find themselves in.

我使用一个简单的框架来规划大多数软件开发人员会发现的常见的职业发展道路。

The stages are:

这些阶段是：

• Coder
  编码器
• Junior Developer
  初级开发人员
• Intermediate Developer
  中级开发人员
• Senior Developer
  高级开发人员
• Lead Developer
  首席开发人员
• Tech Leader
  技术负责人

These stages are not job titles. They represent a developer's real experience and competence.

这些阶段不是职务。 它们代表了开发人员的真实经验和能力。

It's been said that someone with 10 years experience might, in practice, have repeated the same 1 year of experience over-and-over!

有人说，有10年经验的人在实践中可能会反复重复同样的1年经验！

Let's take a look at these stages to get an idea of where you fit and where you might want to go in the future.

让我们看一下这些阶段，以了解适合自己的地方以及将来可能要去的地方。

编码器 (Coder)

A coder is a hobbyist.

编码员是业余爱好者。

If you don't get paid professionally or work with a team of other developers, then you might be a coder.

如果您没有专业报酬，或者没有与其他开发人员一起工作，那么您可能是编码员。

初级开发人员 (Junior Developer)

A junior developer is entering the IT field as a paid professional and they work with a team of other professionals.

一个初级开发人员正在以付费专业人员的身份进入IT领域，他们与其他专业人员组成的团队一起工作。

Are you a junior developer?

您是初级开发人员吗？

If you've been a professional developer for less than a year (as a very general figure) then you're probably a junior.

如果您从事专业开发工作不到一年(作为一个非常一般的数字)，那么您可能是初级。

Take a look at the next stage to see if it resonates. If not, then you might still be a junior who's transitioning into becoming an intermediate developer.

看看下一阶段，看看它是否会产生共振。 如果不是这样，那么您可能仍然是初级人员，正在过渡为中级开发人员。

中级开发人员 (Intermediate Developer)

An intermediate developer is a competent team member and contributor.

中级开发人员是称职的团队成员和贡献者。

The telling sign I use for this stage is that intermediate developers usually have a mental urge or "pull" to believe that they know everything they need to know.

我在此阶段使用的明显信号是， 中级开发人员通常有一种精神上的冲动或“拉动”，以相信他们知道他们需要知道的一切。

Perhaps they feel like their views on how to best architect a system are "complete."

也许他们觉得他们关于如何最好地构建系统的观点是“完整的”。

Perhaps they feel like Javascript is the only programming language they ever need and ever want.

也许他们觉得Javascript是他们需要和想要的唯一编程语言。

Whatever it is, there is some degree of feeling like they've "found" the silver bullet or that their current view is finally "the one."

无论是什么，都有某种程度的感觉，就像他们“找到”了银弹，或者他们当前的观点最终是“唯一”。

The intermediate stage is like stepping into puberty for your career.

中间阶段就像进入事业的青春期。

For example, teens tend to begin believing that they know better than their parents.

例如，青少年往往开始相信自己比父母更了解。

They tend to experiment and be bold about what they believe.

他们倾向于尝试并大胆相信自己的信念。

They begin to tread a path of their own.

他们开始走自己的路。

This is the intermediate developer. They are starting to think for themselves.

这是中级开发人员。 他们开始思考自己。

高级开发人员 (Senior Developer)

The senior developer is becoming very skilled and knowledgeable to the point that those around them are looking to them as a mentor and a "go-to".

高级开发人员变得非常熟练和知识渊博，以至于周围的人都将他们视为指导者和“入门者”。

They usually have some specialized or advanced programming knowledge and can build more complex systems using advanced techniques and patterns.

他们通常具有一些专门的或高级的编程知识，并且可以使用高级技术和模式来构建更复杂的系统。

Seniors are confident in what they know due to their experiences. But they also have a grasp on the fact that there's so much they don't know about.

老年人对自己的经验充满信心。 但是他们也掌握了一个事实，那就是他们不知道的太多。

The biggest telling sign that you are in this stage is whether or not your peers are constantly coming to you for advice and guidance. Are you mentoring others too? These are all signs of being a senior developer.

您目前处于最大阶段的迹象是您的同龄人是否一直在向您寻求建议和指导。 您也在指导别人吗？ 这些都是成为高级开发人员的迹象。

首席开发人员 (Lead Developer)

The lead developer is focused on providing high-level guidance to their dev team.

首席开发人员致力于为其开发团队提供高级指导。

But more importantly, they are a bridge or connector between the development team and the other business-oriented departments in your organization.

但更重要的是，它们是开发团队与组织中其他业务部门之间的桥梁或连接器。

Are you leading a team of developers? Do you also have to communicate with non-technical managers or other departments about what the development team is working on, etc? If so, you're a lead developer.

您正在领导一个开发团队吗？ 您还需要就开发团队的工作等与非技术经理或其他部门进行沟通吗？ 如果是这样，则您是首席开发人员。

技术负责人 (Tech Leader)

I hesitate to include this one, but I think it's helpful to see where your career could go in the future.

我很犹豫要加入这一行，但我认为了解您的职业生涯将来会有所帮助。

A tech leader has made a name for themselves as an expert in some specific area(s) and usually have a very targeted branding/positioning as to what they do well.

技术领导者已经在某些特定领域成为专家，并因此而出名，并且通常会针对自己的优势进行非常有针对性的品牌/定位。

That might be a specific programming language, web security, front-end development with react, a developer mentor, or even a particular industry.

那可能是一种特定的编程语言，Web安全，React的前端开发，开发者指导者，甚至是特定行业。

They could be community builders who have a following of people that look up to them as a direct or indirect mentor.

他们可能是社区建设者，有一群人视他们为直接或间接导师。

They could be thought leaders who champion some specific cause or idea.

他们可能是拥护某些特定原因或想法的思想领袖。

They usually speak publicly about their area of expertise or the ideas that they champion.

他们通常会公开谈论自己的专业领域或拥护的想法。

In a nutshell, they are technology experts and very skilled communicators.

简而言之，他们是技术专家和非常熟练的沟通者。

If that sounds like you, then you might be a tech leader.

如果听起来像您，那么您可能是技术领导者。

如何进入下一阶段 (How To Get To The Next Stage)

I've written elsewhere about specific tips to move between each career step. For the moment, I want to highlight some more general pieces of advice that anyone can leverage and use to move forward.

我在其他地方写过关于在每个职业步骤之间转换的特定技巧。 目前，我想重点介绍一些更一般的建议，任何人都可以利用并使用这些建议来向前迈进。

站出来 (Stand-Out)

You need to stand-out within your company if you want to land promotions and be a part of important and growth-inducing projects.

如果您想获得晋升并成为重要的，促进增长的项目的一部分，则需要在公司内脱颖而出。

Find a gap within your team or company that could help solve some important problems your company is facing.

在团队或公司中找出可以帮助解决公司面临的一些重要问题的差距。

Practically speaking, if you are early in your career, just keep an eye out for whenever your peers seem surprised at some skill or way of doing things you have. This might indicate a gap that could be helpful to your organization!

实际上，如果您是事业的早期者，那么只要对您的同龄人对您所拥有的某些技能或做事方式感到惊讶的时候，就要多加注意。 这可能表明可能对您的组织有所帮助！

For example, if you did something fancy with CSS that other developers notice and are impressed with, then that could indicate a gap.

例如，如果您在CSS方面做得很出色，其他开发人员会注意到并留下深刻的印象，那么这可能表明存在差距。

For more seasoned developers, it should be more apparent what gaps need to be filled. And, the more experienced you are, the more you should naturally drift into a position of mentoring others and having a clear picture of what gaps need to be filled.

对于经验丰富的开发人员，应该更加明显地指出需要填补哪些空白。 而且，您越有经验，就越应该自然而然地转向指导他人并清楚地了解需要填补哪些空白的职位。

Once you are seasoned, you can use this principle and apply it to the global community - not just your internal company. Try to figure out where there is a need or where certain trends seem to be pointing.

经验丰富后，您可以使用此原理并将其应用于全球社区-而不仅仅是您的内部公司。 尝试找出有需要的地方或某些趋势似乎指向的地方。

The specific gap you fill doesn't matter so much. The point is that you need to stand-out as a competent problem-solver who can tackle problems that the business is facing.

您填补的具体差距并不重要。 关键是您需要脱颖而出，成为一个能解决企业所面临问题的胜任的问题解决者。

进行高可见度项目 (Get On A High Visibility Project)

This isn't so you can become famous. It's so that you can:

并非如此，您才能成名。 这样您就可以：

1. Gain experience fast
   快速获得经验
2. Become known in your org as someone who gets things done well
   在组织中以做得很好的人而闻名

If you can build experience and become known in your org for getting things done, then you will begin to build traction for whenever new opportunities come up.

如果您可以积累经验并因完成工作而在组织中广为人知，那么只要有新的机会出现，您就会开始建立吸引力。

跳上硬的东西 (Jump On The Hard Stuff)

Similar to the previous point, you won't learn unless your comfort zone is pushed.

与上一点类似，除非您按下舒适区，否则您将不会学习。

And, you will be seen as someone who attacks the important stuff in your company or community.

而且，您将被视为攻击您公司或社区中重要内容的人。

This will build trust, reputation and confidence.

这将建立信任，声誉和信心。

保持成就图书馆 (Keep An Achievements Library)

Keep a spreadsheet of every major task that you complete. If possible, include metrics that might be relevant.

保留一份您完成的每项主要任务的电子表格。 如果可能，请包括可能相关的指标。

For example:

例如：

• "I improved the speed of a critical SQL query by over 200%"

  “我将关键SQL查询的速度提高了200％以上”

• "Completed feature X which lead to X number of new clients for the company over the next 6 months."

  “完整的功能X可以在未来6个月内为公司带来X个新客户。”

• "Learned about the SQL APPLY operation and used it to migrate company X's data 50% faster than before."

  “了解了SQL APPLY操作，并使用它将X公司的数据迁移的速度比以前快了50％。”

This will be helpful for you to look back at privately and see what you've accomplished. We all get down sometimes and fall into seasons when it feels like we aren't progressing.

这将有助于您私下回顾一下自己的成就。 有时候我们都会跌倒，陷入感觉好像我们没有进步的季节。

It will also help when the time comes to re-do your resume. You'll have lots of ammunition.

当需要重新制作简历时，它也将有所帮助。 你会有很多弹药。

参与社区 (Get Involved In The Community)

One of the things I regret not doing sooner is getting involved in the developer community.

我后悔没早做的一件事就是参与开发人员社区。

This will help you find jobs, make new friends, find mentors, and make you feel like you a part of something bigger than just yourself and the company you happen to work for.

这将帮助您找到工作，结交新朋友，寻找导师，并使您感觉自己像是自己和自己所工作的公司中更大的一部分。

Figure out who the "best" developers are for your particular field and interests.

找出谁是您的特定领域和兴趣的“最佳”开发人员。

Follow them on Twitter and start reading and commenting on their blogs.

在Twitter上关注他们，并开始在他们的博客上阅读和评论。

Other things you can eventually get into:

您最终可能会遇到的其他问题：

• Start contributing to open source projects (even just documentation!)
  开始为开源项目做贡献(甚至只是文档！)
• Start an open-source project
  开始一个开源项目
• Attend local user groups, meetups and conferences
  参加本地用户组，​​聚会和会议

寻找导师 (Find A Mentor)

This can't be overstated. You can't do it alone.

这不能夸大。 你不能一个人做。

You need someone to throw ideas off of and be able to learn from.

您需要有人抛弃想法并能够学习。

This might be someone on your team at work or someone in the community.

这可能是您的团队中的某人或社区中的某人。

Find someone you trust and who you can throw your questions and ideas at.

找到您信任的人以及可以向您提出问题和想法的人。

更多一般策略 (More General Tactics)

Here are some general tactics I haven't covered yet that you can use to get yourself into the minds of others and start building some credibility and reputation:

以下是一些我尚未介绍的一般策略，您可以使用这些策略来吸引他人的注意并开始树立信誉和声誉：

• Blogging
  写博客
• Speak your thoughts by tweeting or posting on social media
  通过发推文或在社交媒体上发布来表达您的想法
• Building publically available projects
  建立公开可用的项目
• YouTube videos
  YouTube视频
• Write a book
  写一本书
• Just helping people any way you can
  尽一切可能帮助别人

学习和发展知识 (Learning And Growing In Knowledge)

You need to keep learning! If you aren't building your knowledge about software design, patterns, techniques, soft skills, etc. then you are going to stay stagnant.

您需要继续学习！ 如果您不了解有关软件设计，模式，技术，软技能等方面的知识，那么您将处于停滞状态。

You need to have real-life experience and learn from real-world situations.

您需要有现实生活的经验并向现实世界学习。

But, you also need to push your knowledge about what tools and techniques are available to solve problems.

但是，您还需要宣传有关哪些工具和技术可用来解决问题的知识。

If you are in the coder or junior developer stages, then I would suggest learning about general things like design patterns, "clean coding" and whatever languages, and frameworks you are using at work.

如果您处于编码人员或初级开发人员阶段，那么我建议您学习诸如设计模式，“简洁编码”以及任何语言以及您在工作中使用的框架之类的常规知识。

Once you are at a more senior stage, then you want to start doubling down on some specialized topics. This will help you to stand-out and make sure that you become an expert in some area(s).

一旦进入更高的阶段，那么您就想开始将一些专门的话题加倍。 这将帮助您脱颖而出，并确保您成为某些领域的专家。

Here are some general tips for learning and growing in your technical skills:

以下是一些学习和发展技能的一般技巧：

• Figure out what tech stack you want to be skilled with and learn it in-depth
  找出您想熟练使用的技术堆栈，并深入学习它
• Read every day! (This will help you become a better reader and just help you learn every day)
  每天阅读！ (这将帮助您成为更好的读者，并帮助您每天学习)
• Map out your skills and figure out which ones you want to dig into and which ones you want to learn the fundamentals about
  勾勒出自己的技能，找出要挖掘的技能，以及要学习的基本知识
• For skills where you want to know the fundamentals, the most important thing to understand is what problem(s) does it solve?
  对于想要了解基本知识的技能，最重要的是要了解解决什么问题？
• For skills that you want to dig into, consider mentoring or high-quality training material (think Pluralsight)
  对于您想挖掘的技能，请考虑进行指导或使用高质量的培训材料(请考虑使用Pluralsight)
• If your current job isn't challenging, consider moving on to something more challenging
  如果您目前的工作没有挑战性，请考虑进行更具挑战性的工作

期待什么 (What To Expect)

To finish off, I want to give you a realistic expectation of how growing your career works.

最后，我想给您一个现实的期望，说明您的职业如何成长。

It's a long-term process.

这是一个长期的过程。

I love to use the analogy of a garden when thinking about growing your career.

在考虑发展职业时，我喜欢使用花园的类比。

For many types of seeds, you have to wait for weeks or even months before seeing any results.

对于许多类型的种子，您必须等待数周甚至数月才能看到任何结果。

Some plants only begin to grow in a tangible way near the end of its entire growth cycle!

有些植物只有在整个生长周期快结束时才开始有形地生长！

The same is true about our careers.

我们的职业也是如此。

The start is seemingly slow.

起步似乎很慢。

But things begin to happen quickly after you've built momentum!

但是，在您建立势头之后，事情很快就会发生！

My advice here is:

我的建议是：

• Just keep showing up. Stay consistent.
  只是不断出现。 保持一致。
• If you are committed to making content for your blog, then just keep doing it. You don't need to blog every single day or even every single week.
  如果您致力于为博客制作内容，那么就继续做吧。 您不必每天或每周都写博客。
• Have patience.
  有耐心。
• Take any opportunities that come your way.
  把握一切机会。
• Network and reach out to those you respect.
  交流并与您所尊重的人联系。
• Try testing ideas on Twitter (or anywhere else) to see what people think.
  尝试在Twitter(或其他任何地方)上测试想法，以了解人们的想法。
• Write content that you are passionate about!
  编写您感兴趣的内容！

Remember above all else that you are planting seeds.

首先要记住， 您正在种种子。

结论 (Conclusion)

It takes a lot of work to grow in your career. But it's worth it.

要发展您的职业，需要花费很多工作。 但这是值得的。

Above all else, just keep pushing forward, stay humble, and keep learning!

最重要的是，继续前进，保持谦虚并继续学习！

The ideas for this content come from articles I've written at YourDevCareer.com where you can sign-up to my mailing list to get new articles and other pieces of career advice!

有关此内容的想法来自我在YourDevCareer.com上撰写的文章 ，您可以在其中注册我的邮件列表以获得新文章和其他职业建议！

I'm also writing "Refactoring TypeScript: Keep Your Code Healthy" that will help developers with their technical skills in writing and maintaining high-quality software.

我也在写“重构TypeScript：保持代码健康” ，这将帮助开发人员掌握编写和维护高质量软件的技术技能。

You can connect with me on Twitter too!

您也可以在Twitter上与我联系 ！

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/software-developers-career-ownership-guide/

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