C#操作excel(多种方法比较)

我们在做excel资料的时候，通常有以下方法。

一.导入导出excel常用方法：

1.用查询表的方式查询并show在数据集控件上。

public static string strCon = " Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 ; Data Source =C:\\08.xls;Extended Properties=Excel 8.0";
public static DataSet ds;
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{

OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strCon);
string sql = "select * from [Sheet1$]";
conn.Open();
OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql, strCon);
ds = new DataSet();
myCommand.Fill(ds, "[Sheet1$]");
conn.Close();
datagrid1.DataMember = "[Sheet1$]";
datagrid1.DataSource = ds;
datagrid1.DataBind();


//Excel.Application excel = new Excel.Application();
//excel.Application.Workbooks.Add(true);
//excel.Visible = true;
}

2.一个一个单元格的进行插入

string str = @"Data Source=IT-428E4EA4B0C7\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=TestBase;Integrated Security=True";
2 SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(str);
3 conn.Open();
4 int n = 0;
5 for (int i = 1; i < 20; i++)
6 {
7 if (n > 3)
8 break;
9 else
10 if (msheet.Cells.get_Range("A" + i, Type.Missing).Text.ToString() == "" && n <= 3)
11 { n++; }
12 else
13 {
14  //循环获取excel单元格的值一次一次的插入，excuteSql为执行的存储过程
15   excuteSql(msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + i, Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),
16 msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + (i + 1), Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),
17 msheet.Cells.get_Range("B" + (i + 2), Type.Missing).Text.ToString(),
18 conn);
19 i = i + 3;
20
21 }
22 }
23
24 conn.Close();

二快速导入导出

1.我们都知道当向db里批量插入数据的时候我们会选择SqlBulkCopy

if (dataTable!=null && dataTable.Rows.Count!=0)
            {
                sqlBulkCopy.WriteToServer(dataTable);
            } 

这个可以看 深山老林新发的一篇SQLServer中批量插入数据方式的性能对比下面是SqlBulkCopy的方法，这个方法有一个弊端就是当excel某一列即有文字，还有日期的时候，会出现null值，我在网上查了一些资料说连接字串加上;HDR=YES;IMEX=1'的时候会都当做字符处理，但是还是会出现一些bug，所以建议最好先把excel数据分析到datatable里然后再用SqlBulkCopy倒入数据库

// block copy to DB from Excel
2 //By xijun,
3 //step 1 create an excel file C:\Inetpub\wwwroot\test.xls , fill cell(1,1) with "Data",cell(1,2) with "name"
4 //step 2 create table named "Data" with 2 column ("data","name") in your DB
5 //there the code below:
6 DateTime t1 = DateTime.Now;
7 Response.Write("<br>start time:" + t1.ToString());
8 string ExcelFile = @"C:\\20090916_Hub_Report.xls";
9 string excelConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFile + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1'";
10
11 using (OleDbConnection excelConnection = new OleDbConnection(excelConnectionString))
12 {
13
14 excelConnection.Open();
15 //Getting source data
16 //非空讀入數據
17 OleDbCommand command = new OleDbCommand("Select [Region],[CustomerPN],[RMA],[Date],[QTY],[Return/Pull] FROM [20090916_Hub_Report$] ", excelConnection);
18 // Initialize SqlBulkCopy object
19
20 using (OleDbDataReader dr = command.ExecuteReader())
21 {
22 // Copy data to destination
23 string sqlConnectionString = @"Data Source=MININT-G87PHNA\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=GDS_Service;Integrated Security=True";
24 using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(sqlConnectionString))
25 {
26 bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = "GDS_Hub_data";
27 //加入只加入一個列的話,那么就會其他數據庫列都默認為空。
28 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Region", "region");
29 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("CustomerPN", "customer_item_number");
30 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("RMA", "Rma");
31 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Date", "date");
32 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("QTY", "Qty_1");
33 bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Return/Pull", "return_pull");
34 //bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次传输的行数
35 //bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//进度提示的行数
36 bulkCopy.BatchSize = 100;
37 bulkCopy.NotifyAfter = 100;
38 bulkCopy.WriteToServer((IDataReader)dr);
39
40
41 }
42 }
43 //Closing connection
44 excelConnection.Close();
45 }
46
47 DateTime t2 = DateTime.Now;
48 Response.Write("<br>End time:" + t2.ToString());
49 Response.Write("<br>use time:" + ((TimeSpan)(t2 - t1)).Milliseconds.ToString() + " Milliseconds");
50 Response.Write("<br>inser record count :3307");

 2.快速导出db的数据到excel

这种方法就是利用

Excel.QueryTables 
 Excel.QueryTable

Querytable把数据快速导入excel里。我们在做复杂报表的时候，这个用的是比较多了，但是单单会这个没有用，它只是快速的把db里的数据放放到excel里，

在做大量数据而且需要设定excel样式的时候我们会选择先用这种方法把数据导入excel一个临时sheet，再利sheet复制，sheet移动，和一些excel样式设定，以及

excel一个强大的自动填充的功能，那么这些就可以让我们快速的做出花样多试的excel报表，当然这个要求我们比较熟练office的操作，包括宏的操作。

public string query_table_getdata(string sourpath)
2 {
3 string str_path = sourpath.Substring(0, sourpath.Length - 22);
4 str_path = str_path + "basic.xls";
5
Excel.QueryTables m_objQryTables = null;
7 Excel.QueryTable m_objQryTable = null;
8 Excel.Application m_objExcel = null;
9 Excel.Workbooks m_objBooks = null;
10 Excel.Workbook m_objBook = null;
11 Excel.Sheets m_objSheets = null;
12 Excel.Worksheet m_objSheet = null;
13 Excel.Range m_objRange = null;
14 m_objExcel = new Excel.Application();
15
//try
17 //{
m_objBooks = m_objExcel.Workbooks;
19 m_objBooks.Open(sourpath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing,
20 Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
21
m_objBook = (Excel.Workbook)m_objBooks.get_Item(1);
23

m_objSheets = (Excel.Sheets)m_objBook.Worksheets;
26 m_objSheet = (Excel.Worksheet)m_objSheets.get_Item(1);
27 m_objRange = m_objSheet.get_Range("A2", Type.Missing);
28 m_objQryTables = m_objSheet.QueryTables;
29 string sqlstr = "SELECT [day01],[day02],[day03],[day04],[day05],[day06],[day07],[day08],[day09],[day10],[day11],[day12],[day13],[day14]";
30 sqlstr += ",[week01] ,[week02],[week03],[week04],[week05],[week06],[week07],[week08],[week09],[week10],[week11],[week12],[week13],[week14]";
31 sqlstr += ",[week15],[week16],[week17],[week18],[week19],[week20],[week21],[week22],[week23],[week24]";
32 sqlstr += " FROM [GDS_Service].[dbo].[GDS_Service_Report_Base] order by groupID ,id";
33 //可以放在配置文件里
string conn = @"Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Data Source=MININT-G87PHNA\SQLEXPRESS;uid=xijun_ke;Password=12345678;

Initial Catalog=GDS_Service;Persist Security Info=False;";
35
m_objQryTable = (Excel.QueryTable)m_objQryTables.Add("OLEDB;" + conn, m_objRange, sqlstr);
37
m_objQryTable.RefreshStyle = Excel.XlCellInsertionMode.xlInsertEntireRows;
39
m_objQryTable.Refresh(false);
41 m_objBook.SaveAs(str_path, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlExclusive, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
42 m_objBook.Close(false, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
43 //}
44 //catch (Exception ee)
45 //{
46 // mp.WriteLog(ee.ToString());
47 //}
48 //finally
49 //{
m_objExcel.Quit();
51 GC.Collect();
52 //}
return str_path;
54
}

com操作excel的一些特性操作：

range.NumberFormatLocal = "@";     //设置单元格格式为文本 
range = (Range)worksheet.get_Range("A1", "E1");     //获取Excel多个单元格区域：本例做为Excel表头
range.Merge(0);     //单元格合并动作
worksheet.Cells[1, 1] = "Excel单元格赋值";     //Excel单元格赋值
range.Font.Size = 15;     //设置字体大小
range.Font.Underline=true;     //设置字体是否有下划线
range.Font.Name="黑体";     设置字体的种类
range.HorizontalAlignment=XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;     //设置字体在单元格内的对其方式
range.ColumnWidth=15;     //设置单元格的宽度
range.Cells.Interior.Color=System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(255,204,153).ToArgb();     //设置单元格的背景色
range.Borders.LineStyle=1;     //设置单元格边框的粗细
range.BorderAround(XlLineStyle.xlContinuous,XlBorderWeight.xlThick,XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic,System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb());     //给单元格加边框
range.EntireColumn.AutoFit();     //自动调整列宽
Range.HorizontalAlignment= xlCenter;     // 文本水平居中方式
Range.VerticalAlignment= xlCenter     //文本垂直居中方式
Range.WrapText=true;     //文本自动换行
Range.Interior.ColorIndex=39;     //填充颜色为淡紫色
Range.Font.Color=clBlue;     //字体颜色
xlsApp.DisplayAlerts=false;     //保存Excel的时候，不弹出是否保存的窗口直接进行保存
   workbook.SaveCopyAs(temp);/**////填入完信息之后另存到路径及文件名字

excel宏操作，sheet和单元格操作：

/// <summary>
2 /// 讀取excel數據和插入公式
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="sender"></param>
5 /// <param name="e"></param>
6 protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
7 {
8 DateTime t1 = DateTime.Now;
9 Response.Write("<br>start time:" + t1.ToString());
10 Excel.Application excelkk = new Excel.Application();
11
12 excelkk.Workbooks.Add(true);
13 int row = 2;
14 DataTable myTable = ds.Tables["[Sheet1$]"];
15 for (int i = 0; i < myTable.Columns.Count; i++)
16 {
17 excelkk.Cells[1, 1 + i] = myTable.Columns[i].ColumnName.ToString();
18 }
19 for (int i = 0; i < myTable.Rows.Count; i++)
20 {
21 for (int j = 0; j < myTable.Columns.Count; j++)
22 {
23 excelkk.Cells[row, j + 1] = myTable.Rows[i][j].ToString();
24 }
25
26 row++;
27 }
28
29
30 //取得特定單元格的值
31 excelkk.Visible = true;
32 this.TextBoxChange.Text = excelkk.get_Range("A2", Type.Missing).Text.ToString();
33 //表的單元格合并
34 Excel.Range range1 = excelkk.get_Range("A2", "D4");
35 range1.Merge(Type.Missing);
36
37
38
39
40 //想表格中插入求和的值
41 Excel.Range range2 = excelkk.get_Range("B25", Type.Missing);
42 range2.Formula = "=SUM(B2:B24)";
43 range2.Calculate();
44
45 //進行宏的循環應用與單元格的刪除和添加，多個單元格默認宏自動操作。
46 Excel.Range range3 = excelkk.get_Range("B25","E25");
47 range2.AutoFill(range3,Excel.XlAutoFillType.xlFillDefault);
48 //刪除表的指定行數操作
49 Excel.Range range7 = null;
50 range7 = excelkk.get_Range(excelkk.Cells[2, 2], excelkk.Cells[4, 4]);
51 range7.Select();
52 range7.EntireRow.Delete(Excel.XlDirection.xlUp);
53
54 //獲取最大用過的行數
55 Excel.Worksheet wsheet1 = (Excel.Worksheet)excelkk.Worksheets.get_Item(1);
56 int n =wsheet1.UsedRange.Cells.Columns.Count;
57 Response.Write(n.ToString() + "<br>");
58 //MessageBox.Show(n.ToString());
59 n = wsheet1.UsedRange.Cells.Rows.Count;
60 Response.Write(n.ToString() + "<br>");
61 //MessageBox.Show(n.ToString());
62 //數據的複製
63 Excel.Range range4 = excelkk.get_Range("A2", "B25");
64 Excel.Range range5 = excelkk.get_Range("E3", "F25");
65 //range4.get_Offset(1,4).Select();
66 range4.Copy(range5);
67 //停用警告信息
68 excelkk.DisplayAlerts = false;
69 GC.Collect();
70
71 }
72
73
74 單個sheet里求和：
75 Excel.Range range2 = excelkk.get_Range("B25", Type.Missing);
76 range2.Formula = "=SUM(B2:B24)";
77 range2.Calculate();
78
79 跨sheet求和：
80 Excel.Worksheet wsheet1 = (Excel.Worksheet)excelSql.Worksheets.get_Item(1);
81 Excel.Range range3 =wsheet1.get_Range("A23", Type.Missing);
82 range3.Formula = "=Sheet3!B8+Sheet3!B12";
83 range3.Calculate();
84

虽然我们拥有强大的NPOI，不过我还是写出来，希望对大家理解office有一定的用处。