矢量数编码有哪几种类型

by David Venturi

大卫·文图里(David Venturi)

6种最理想的编码工作(以及吸引每个人的类型) (The 6 most desirable coding jobs (and the types of people drawn to each))

Free Code Camp问了15,000个人，他们是谁，以及他们如何学习编码。 我根据他们的工作偏好将他们分开，然后探索他们之间的差异。 (Free Code Camp asked 15,000 people who they are, and how they’re learning to code. I separated them by their job preference, then explored their differences.)

More than 15,000 people responded to Free Code Camp’s 2016 New Coder Survey, granting researchers (like me!) an unprecedented glimpse into how people are learning to code. The entire dataset was released on Kaggle.

超过15,000人对Free Code Camp的2016年New Coder调查做出了回应，使研究人员( 如我！ )对人们如何学习编码有了前所未有的了解。 整个数据集已在Kaggle上发布。

6,503 new coders answered the question: “Which one of these roles are you most interested in?”

6,503名新编码员回答了以下问题：“ 您最想对以下哪个角色感兴趣？ ”

这是6种最受欢迎​​的编码工作，以及吸引每个人的(非常不同的)类型的人。 (Here are the 6 most popular coding jobs and the (very different) types of people drawn to each.)

These roles are full-stack developer, front-end developer, back-end developer, data scientist/engineer, mobile developer, and user experience (UX) designer.* For each, we’ll look at three categorical variables:

这些角色是全栈开发人员，前端开发人员，后端开发人员，数据科学家/工程师，移动开发人员和用户体验(UX)设计人员。*对于每个角色，我们将研究三个分类变量：

• gender
  性别
• citizenship by continent
  各大洲的公民身份
• school degree
  学校学位

…and five numerical ones:

…和五个数值 ：

• age
  年龄
• programming experience
  编程经验
• hours dedicated to learning per week
  每周专门用于学习的小时数
• current salary
  当前工资
• expected next salary (the first one after advertising their new coding skills)
  预期的下一个薪水(广告他们的新编码技能后的第一个薪水)

*UX designer was a default option in the original survey. Though the degree to which it is a coding job is debatable, a basic understanding of code is helpful.

* UX设计器是原始调查中的默认选项。 尽管它在编码工作上的程度值得商 ,，但对代码的基本理解还是有帮助的。

性别 (Gender)

UX designer is by far the most diverse discipline in terms of gender, with 52% males, 46% females, and the highest percentage of agender, genderqueer, and trans respondents (2%). Mobile development is the most male-dominated discipline at 81%, though full-stack and back-end development are close.

就性别而言，UX设计师是目前为止最多样化的学科，其中男性占52％，女性占46％，性别，性别同性恋者和跨性别受访者所占比例最高(2％)。 尽管全栈和后端开发已经接近，但移动开发是男性占主导地位的学科，占81％。

大陆 (Continent)

Mobile developer is the most diverse role in terms of citizenship. UX design is the most North American of all of the disciplines.

就公民身份而言，移动开发人员是最多样化的角色。 UX设计是所有学科中最北美的。

Free Code Camp is based in the United States, which explains the tilt towards North America.

Free Code Camp总部位于美国，这说明了向北美的倾向。

学历 (School Degree)

Data science and data engineering are most skewed towards post-secondary studies. Mobile development has the highest percentage of respondents with no, some, or only a high school education, though back-end development is a close second.

数据科学和数据工程最偏向于专上教育。 虽然没有后端教育，但仅次于后端教育，但不接受，只有部分或只有高中教育的受访者中，移动开发的比例最高。

I wonder if these skews will reflect themselves in the form of age.

我想知道这些歪斜是否会以年龄的形式反映出来。

年龄 (Age)

Mobile developers are indeed the youngest. Their 25th percentile is two years younger than the next youngest role. Mobile being a newer discipline probably has something to do with this. Front-end development is the oldest discipline with an average age of 29 years. Note that data science/engineering is second-youngest, not back-end development.

移动开发人员确实是最年轻的。 他们的第25个百分点比下一个最小的角色年轻了两年。 移动技术是一门较新的学科，可能与此有关。 前端开发是最古老的学科，平均年龄为29岁。 请注意，数据科学/工程学是第二重要的，而不是后端开发。

By the way, here’s how to read this chart (and the other box plots in this article): the “x” is the mean. The horizontal line is the median (a.k.a. the 50th percentile). The bottom of the box is the 25th percentile, and the top of the box is the 75th percentile. Whisker length is 1.5 times the height of the box. The circles are outliers. All y-axes are on a logarithmic scale to better visualize the outlier-heavy data.

顺便说一下，这是读取此图表(以及本文中其他方框图 )的方法：“ x”是平均值。 水平线是中位数(即第50个百分位数)。 框的底部是第25个百分点，框的顶部是第75个百分点。 晶须长度是盒子高度的1.5倍。 圆是异常值。 所有y轴都处于对数刻度，以更好地可视化异常重的数据。

编程经验 (Programming Experience)

Data scientists-, data engineers-, and back-end developers-in-training have programmed the longest with a median experience of eight months. UX designers have the lowest first quartile — by two whole months — at two months. Programming experience is so positively skewed that some of the means, which should be taken with a grain of salt, are above their third quartile.

数据科学家，数据工程师和后端开发人员正在接受培训，编程时间最长，平均经验为八个月。 用户体验设计师的第一四分位数最低，为两个月至两个月。 编程经验被严重歪曲，以至于某些方法(应加一些盐)超过了它们的第三个四分位数。

学习时间 (Hours Dedicated to Learning)

Full-stack developers dedicate the most time to learning each week, with 25% of respondents dedicating 30+ hours weekly. UX designers spend the least amount of time learning per week with a mean of 12 hours per week.

全职开发人员每周花费最多的时间进行学习，其中25％的受访者每周花费30多个小时。 用户体验设计师每周花费最少的时间学习，平均每周花费12个小时。

In contrast, time spent learning didn’t vary much by gender and continent. (I wrote a full analysis of this here.)

相比之下，学习时间因性别和大陆而变化不大。 (我在这里对此进行了完整的分析。)

New Coders: How Salary and Time Spent Learning Vary by DemographicI analyzed the 15,000 respondents to Free Code Camp’s New Coder Survey by continent, gender, and whether they’re an…medium.freecodecamp.com

新编码员：薪资和学习时间的变化因 人群而异我分析了15,000名自由编码营的新编码员调查的受访者，其中包括大陆，性别以及他们是否是...

当前工资 (Current Salary)

Aspiring data scientists and data engineers clearly have the highest current salaries. Their third quartile of $60k per year is $8k higher than the next highest discipline. There isn’t much income differentiation between the remaining job roles of interest, though all are above the 2014 US median income of $28.9k.

有抱负的数据科学家和数据工程师显然拥有最高的薪水。 他们的第三个四分位数是每年$ 60k，比第二高的学科高出$ 8,000。 尽管其余所有职位都高于2014年美国中位收入2.89万美元 ，但感兴趣的其余职位之间的收入差异不大 。

预期下一份薪水 (Expected Next Salary)

Those interested in data science and data engineering expect to earn the most at their next job, with a median expected salary of $60k. Front-end developers are the least optimistic discipline (and yes, this difference in means is statistically significant). Note that expected salaries are higher than current salaries across the board.

那些对数据科学和数据工程感兴趣的人期望在下一份工作中获得最高的收入，其预期中位数为6万美元。 前端开发人员是最不乐观的学科(是的，这种均值差异在统计上是显着的)。 请注意，预期薪资高于当前的整体薪资。

雷达图 (Radar Chart)

Let’s compare all of the numerical variables in a single chart, using something called a radar chart. The mean for each numerical variable, scaled (or normalized) between 0 and 1, is plotted on a radial axis:

让我们使用称为雷达图的图表比较所有图表中的所有数字变量。 在径向轴上绘制每个数值变量的平均值，这些平均值在0和1之间缩放(或标准化 )。

One thing jumps out immediately: data scientists/engineers lead the pack for programming experience, current salary, and expected next salary.

一件事立即跳起来：数据科学家/工程师在编程经验，当前薪水和预期的下一份薪水方面处于领先地位。

Front-end and mobile developers have the smallest areas, thanks to the lowest programming experience and expected next salary means for the former, and low age and current salary means for the latter.

前端和移动开发人员的面积最小，这要归功于其最低的编程经验和前者的预期下一个薪资水平，而后者的年龄和现时的薪水水平较低。

Note that we are strictly using this plot to efficiently compare roles across several numerical variables, and not to determine which role is better if such a determination even exists. Perception of strength based on overall area is a common misinterpretation of radar plots.

请注意，我们严格使用此图来有效地比较多个数值变量中的角色，并且即使存在这种确定，也不能确定哪个角色更好。 基于总面积的强度感知是对雷达图的常见误解。

我们学到了什么？ (What did we learn?)

A lot! Each type of programmer has a unique set of characteristics.

很多！ 每种类型的程序员都有一套独特的特征。

Relatively speaking, females appear drawn to user experience design. Asians, South Americans, and Africans appear drawn to mobile development. Data science/engineering and mobile development stick out as the most and least seasoned in terms of education, respectively.

相对而言，女性似乎吸引了用户体验设计。 亚洲人，南美人和非洲人似乎对移动开发很感兴趣。 就教育而言，数据科学/工程学和移动开发分别是经验最丰富和最不成熟的。

Aspiring data scientists/engineers have the highest current salaries, expect the highest next salaries, and have the most programming experience. Front-end developers are the oldest, but not significantly. Full-stack developers dedicate the most amount of time to learning per week.

有抱负的数据科学家/工程师拥有目前最高的薪水，期望接下来的薪水最高，并且拥有最多的编程经验。 前端开发人员是最老的，但并不重要。 全栈开发人员每周花费最多的时间进行学习。

Front-end developers are the least experienced coders and expect the lowest next salaries. UX designers spend the least amount of hours learning weekly and have the lowest current salaries, but not significantly for the latter. Mobile developers are the youngest.

前端开发人员是经验最少的编码人员，并且期望最低的下一份薪水。 UX设计师每周花费最少的时间来学习，并且目前的薪水最低，但后者的薪水却不高。 移动开发人员是最年轻的。

下一步是什么？ (What’s next?)

You can find a more detailed version of this analysis on Kaggle, where you’ll find statistical tests supporting the inferences in this article.

您可以在Kaggle上找到此分析的更详细版本 ，在此您将找到支持本文推论的统计检验。

Be sure to check out my other pieces exploring Free Code Camp’s 2016 New Coder Survey:

请务必查看我探索Free Code Camp的2016 New Coder Survey的其他文章：

Developing Data Scientists and EngineersFree Code Camp asked 15,000 people who they are, and how they’re learning to code. I isolated those focused on data…medium.freecodecamp.comNew Coders: How Salary and Time Spent Learning Vary by DemographicI analyzed the 15,000 respondents to Free Code Camp’s New Coder Survey by continent, gender, and whether they’re an…medium.freecodecamp.com

发展中的数据科学家和工程师 免费代码营问了15,000个人，他们是谁，以及他们如何学习编码。 我隔离了那些专注于数据的人… medium.freecodecamp.com 新编码员：人口统计学的薪资和时间花费如何变化 我按大陆，性别以及他们是否是……媒介分析了Free Code Camp新编码员调查的15,000名受访者 。 freecodecamp.com

If you have questions or concerns about this series or the R code that generated it, don’t hesitate to let me know.

如果您对此系列或生成它的R代码有疑问或疑虑，请随时告诉我 。

David Venturi (@venturidb) | TwitterThe latest Tweets from David Venturi (@venturidb). Creating my own data science master's degree. @queensu chem eng/econ…twitter.com

大卫·文图里(@venturidb)| Twitter 来自David Venturi的最新推文(@venturidb)。 创建自己的数据科学硕士学位。 @queensu Chem eng / econ… twitter.com

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/the-6-most-desirable-coding-jobs-and-the-types-of-people-drawn-to-each-aebac45fd7f7/

矢量数编码有哪几种类型