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by Jonata Corrêa

由JonataCorrêa

我们如何使用Apple的学习框架来创建我们的第一个应用程序 (How we used Apple’s learning framework to create our first app)

After one month of work, my team and I finished the first version of Echo, our tracker iOS application. We built it as a result of a challenge created by the Challenge Based Learning (CBL) method and it was a great experience.

经过一个月的工作，我和我的团队完成了Tracker iOS应用程序Echo的第一个版本。 我们基于基于挑战的学习(CBL)方法创建的挑战而构建了它，这是一次很棒的体验。

Our app allow users to share their location with people they love and let this people track their location in real time when they are going home. This way, everyone can act as guardians by always knowing what is happening and taking actions if necessary. It’s a simple idea built to help people in our community.

我们的应用程序允许用户与他们所爱的人分享他们的位置，并让他们在回家时实时跟踪他们的位置。 这样，每个人都可以通过始终知道发生了什么并在必要时采取行动来充当监护人。 这是一个简单的想法，旨在帮助我们社区中的人们。

I want to share what is CBL and how it helped us to ideate, prototype and launch or solution, so others can use this technique to create awesome projects too.

我想分享什么是CBL，以及它如何帮助我们进行构思，原型设计，发布或解决方案，以便其他人也可以使用此技术来创建很棒的项目。

什么是CBL？ (What’s CBL?)

“Challenge Based Learning (CBL) provides an efficient and effective framework for learning while solving real-world Challenges. The framework is informed by innovative practices in education, media, technology, entertainment, recreation, the workplace and society.” — Digital Promise

“基于挑战的学习(CBL)为解决现实世界中的挑战提供了一种有效的学习框架。 该框架以教育，媒体，技术，娱乐，娱乐，工作场所和社会中的创新做法为基础。” — 数字承诺

Today’s students must solve problems in content-centric classrooms, but these problems usually lack real world context. It’s hard to a student feel engaged when they don’t see the connection between what they are learning and the real world. There is where the CBL comes in.

今天的学生必须在以内容为中心的教室中解决问题，但是这些问题通常缺乏现实世界的环境。 当学生看不到所学内容与现实世界之间的联系时，很难感到参与。 有CBL进来的地方。

CBL is a learning framework to help students learn by resolving real world problems and generating solutions to help their community. What you learn building something is the type of knowledge you never forget, CBL allows you to learn while having fun in the process. And most important, it engages students.

CBL是一个学习框架，可以通过解决现实世界中的问题并提供解决方案来帮助他们的社区来帮助学生学习。 您学到的东西是您永远不会忘记的知识类型，CBL使您在学习过程中获得乐趣。 最重要的是，它吸引了学生。

The framework emerged from an educational projected created by Apple and has been tested all over the world. It provides a better way to learn and solve problems at the same time.

该框架源自苹果公司创建的一个教育计划，并且已经在世界各地进行了测试。 它提供了同时学习和解决问题的更好方法。

It is flexible, customizable and scalable. You can use it to learn almost anything and improves the chances of your projects actually fit the real needs of real people.

它是灵活的，可定制的和可扩展的。 您可以使用它来学习几乎所有内容，并提高您的项目实际满足真实人的实际需求的机会。

如何使过程更容易？ (How it made the process easier?)

For us, CBL was the solid foundation where our team could have some idea, evolve it and throw it away if necessary. It is, in our opinion, the best way to learn, and feel engaged and connected to a topic you are building on.

对我们来说，CBL是我们团队可以有想法，发展想法并在必要时将其丢弃的坚实基础。 我们认为，这是学习，与自己正在建立的主题保持联系并与之联系的最佳方式 。

Learning and creating something can be very hard. Challenge Based Learning makes it easier by giving the tools necessary to guide you through the steps of going a from a raw idea to a final product.

学习和创造东西可能非常困难。 基于挑战的学习通过提供必要的工具来指导您完成从原始概念到最终产品的步骤，从而使工作变得更加轻松。

这个怎么运作？ (How it works?)

The framework has 3 phases: Engage, Investigate and Act. Each phase creates the foundation for the next one. By the end of the process you will have gone from a Big and ideological idea to a final and useful solution.

该框架分为三个阶段：参与，调查和行动。 每个阶段都为下一个阶段奠定了基础。 到该过程结束时，您将从一个大而意识形态的想法变成一个最终且有用的解决方案。

从事： (Engage:)

The first phase is by far the most important one. This is where you brainstorm ideas and move from an abstract concept called big idea to a actionable challenge. This phase consists of 3 steps: Big idea, essential question and challenge

第一阶段是迄今为止最重要的阶段。 在这里，您可以集思广益，并从称为“大创意”的抽象概念转变为可行的挑战。 此阶段包括3个步骤： 大创意，基本问题和挑战

You must define which Big Idea you will work with. It has to be a broad concept that can be explored in multiple ways. Every topic that is meaningful to you and the larger community can be a Big Idea. Some examples are: Relationships, Health, Security, Programming, Learning and Politics. It’s important to choose a topic that you and your group care about, that you can relate to and feel that you can do something about. The more you like your big idea, the easier will be to learn, have fun and create a useful and meaningful solution.

您必须定义要使用的大创意 。 它必须是一个广泛的概念，可以通过多种方式进行探讨。 每个对您和整个社区有意义的主题都可以成为一个大创意。 例如：关系，健康，安全，编程，学习和政治。 重要的是选择您和您的团队关心的，可以关联的主题，并认为您可以做一些事情。 您越喜欢自己的大创意，越容易学习，娱乐并创建有用且有意义的解决方案。

We chose home safety. Since our home town is right now the 11th most dangerous city in the world, it was a very resonating topic to us.

我们选择了家庭安全。 由于我们的家乡现在是世界上第十一个最危险的城市，所以这对我们来说是一个非常令人振奋的话题。

After choosing your big idea, break it down to an actionable challenge by using the essential question process. The big idea must generate a wide variation of questions about the problems and needs of the area.

选择好主意后，通过使用基本的提问流程将其分解为可行的挑战。 这个大创意必须引起有关该地区问题和需求的各种各样的问题。

You and your team must start asking questions about the problem and take notes. From these questions you are going to select one question that has a very strong meaning to the group. This will be your essential question.

您和您的团队必须开始提出有关问题的问题并做笔记。 从这些问题中，您将选择一个对小组意义重大的问题。 这将是您的基本问题。

The essential question must be the link between your lives and the big idea. The question needs to be provocative and must encourage research to answer it.

基本问题必须是您的生活与伟大构想之间的联系。 这个问题必须是挑衅性的，必须鼓励研究来回答。

Some examples of essential question and their big ideas are:

一些基本问题及其重要构想的例子包括：

• Security: How people feel arriving or leaving their home? (used at Echo)

  安全性：人们对到达或离开家有何感觉？ (在Echo使用)

• Health: What is a healthy lifestyle?

  健康：什么是健康的生活方式？

• Economy: How does graduating from high school or college affect the economy?

  经济：高中或大学毕业对经济有何影响？

• Climate change: What is the impact of my use of fossil fuels on my planet?

  气候变化：我使用化石燃料对我的星球有什么影响？

The next step is to turn the essential question into a call to action by challenging the group to create a local solution to a global problem . The result is that you will have the challenge to work with. You must know that what you learn will be the consequence of the challenge you will choose, and not the opposite. It’s important to pay attention to the process that will lead you to choose your challenge.

下一步是通过挑战小组为全球性问题创建本地解决方案，将基本问题转化为行动号召。 结果是您将面临挑战。 您必须知道，您学到的东西将是您选择挑战的结果，而不是相反。 重要的是要注意引导您选择挑战的过程。

It’s important for the challenge to have 2 facets: Be a close to home and yet have a greater meaning. For instance, our challenge was: Create a safer home environment for everyone. As you can see this challenge is very close to us and also has a global appealing. This way you have personal meaning and a sense of bigger purpose.

挑战有两个方面很重要：靠近家但要有更大的意义。 例如，我们面临的挑战是： 为每个人创造一个更安全的家庭环境 。 如您所见，这一挑战离我们非常近，并且具有全球吸引力。 这样，您便具有个人意义和更大的目标感。

“If the challenge is too broad or vague, students will flounder. If it is too narrow, they will not be able to fully experience the self direction that is required to develop the skills that Challenge Based Learning cultivates.” — Digital Promise

“如果挑战太大或含糊不清，学生就会感到困惑。 如果范围太窄，他们将无法完全体验发展基于挑战的学习所培养的技能所需的自我指导。” — 数字承诺

Some examples of challenges are:

挑战的一些例子是：

• Climate change: Reduce your’s family fossils consumption.

  气候变化：减少家庭化石的消耗。

• Health: Help your friends to develop healthier habits.

  健康：帮助您的朋友养成更健康的习惯。

• Conflict: Improve tolerance at your school.

  冲突：提高学校的宽容度。

The Engage phase concludes with the creation of a compelling and actionable Challenge statement.

参与阶段结束时，将创建引人注目且可行的挑战声明。

调查： (Investigate:)

“The learners plan and participate in a journey that builds the foundation for solutions and addresses academic requirement.” — Digital Promise

“学习者计划并参与一个旅程，该旅程将为解决方案奠定基础并满足学术要求。” — 数字承诺

During the Investigate phase we ask questions, do research and document everything. This helps us to better understand the problem and clarify our ideas about the challenge we are trying to solve.

在调查阶段，我们会提出问题，进行研究并记录所有内容。 这有助于我们更好地理解问题并阐明我们对要解决的挑战的想法。

This phase breaks down into:

此阶段分为：

• developing Guiding Questions

  制定指导性问题

• identifying Activities and Resources to answer these questions

  确定活动和资源来回答这些问题

• and Research Analysis

  和研究分析

If the challenge connects to a specific area (in our case was create an iOS application), then this phase is where you must align these interests and try to find a way to create a solution using the applicable knowledge of the area you are working with.

如果挑战涉及到特定领域(在我们的例子中是创建一个iOS应用程序)，那么在此阶段，您必须调整这些兴趣，并尝试找到一种方法来利用正在使用的领域的适用知识来创建解决方案。

The Guiding questions:

指导性问题：

Once your group has determined the challenge, you must generate questions to include everything the group needs to learn to develop a solution for the challenge. Every need and every doubt the group has must be written down as a guiding question. The idea is to find what you must know to solve the problem defined by the challenge. Some examples of guiding questions about water-related challenge are:

一旦小组确定了挑战，您就必须提出问题，以包括该小组学习为挑战制定解决方案所需的一切。 该小组的每一个需要和疑问都必须作为指导性问题写下来。 这个想法是找到解决挑战所定义的问题所需的知识。 有关与水有关的挑战的指导性问题的一些示例包括：

• How do we use water?
  我们如何用水？
• How much water do we use?
  我们要用多少水？
• How is water wasted?
  如何浪费水？
• How much water is wasted?
  浪费了多少水？

The bigger your list of questions, the better. Never assume something for granted. Obvious and basic questions like “Where does water come from?” are usually the ones that lead to the best ideas.

问题列表越大，越好。 永远不要以为理所当然。 显而易见的基本问题，例如“ 水从哪里来？” 通常是那些可以带来最好想法的人。

Brainstorm everything you know about your challenge and what you still need to discover. This is a good way to kick-start your guiding questions.

集体讨论您所知道的有关挑战以及仍然需要发现的所有内容。 这是启动您的指导性问题的好方法。

Activities & Resources:

活动与资源：

You must study your guiding questions and decide which resource to use or activity to do to answer the question. A good way to find the guiding activities is to create three-column matrix with the guiding questions in the first column and the related activities/resources in the second column. After completing the activities, place the results in the third column.

您必须研究指导性问题，并决定使用哪种资源或活动来回答该问题。 查找指导活动的一种好方法是用第一列的指导问题和第二列的相关活动/资源创建三列矩阵。 完成活动后，将结果放在第三栏中。

Examples of Guiding Resources include: online content and courses, databases, textbooks, and social networks.

指导资源的示例包括：在线内容和课程，数据库，教科书和社交网络。

Examples of Guiding Activities include: simulations, experiments, projects, problem sets, research, and games.

指导活动的示例包括：模拟，实验，项目，习题集，研究和游戏。

Analysis:

分析：

Once you have your results it’s time to analyze the accumulated data and identify themes. When we were building Echo this phase made us realize something interesting: People were afraid of being assaulted when they are entering and leaving their homes. So that was the point we needed to solve, we have to create a solution to make it safer for people to enter and leave their home by letting their friends know where they are going and when they are arriving.

获得结果后，就可以分析累积的数据并确定主题了。 当我们建造Echo时，这一阶段使我们意识到一些有趣的事情：人们害怕进出房屋时遭到殴打。 因此，这就是我们需要解决的问题，我们必须创建一种解决方案，通过让朋友知道他们要去的地方和到达的时间，使人们进出家门更安全。

法案： (Act:)

“In the Act Phase evidence-based solutions are developed and implemented with an authentic audience and the results evaluated. The Learners combine a desire to make a difference with a demonstration of content mastery.” — Digital Promise

“在法案阶段，基于证据的解决方案将在真实的听众面前开发和实施，并评估结果。 学习者将对改变的渴望与对内容掌握的展示相结合。” — 数字承诺

Once you complete the investigation phase, you will have a solid foundation to begin developing your solution concepts. From now on you must create the best solution you can to help solve the challenge you choose. This phase has 3 parts. Solution, implementation and evaluation.

完成调查阶段后，您将具有坚实的基础，可以开始开发解决方案概念。 从现在开始，您必须创建最佳解决方案，以帮助您解决选择的挑战。 此阶段包括3个部分。 解决方案 ， 实施和评估 。

The solution part is where you analyze the data generated by the investigation phase to find a single solution to sketch and prototype. Don’t be afraid to consider many solutions and throw away many of them. It is important is to find something that matches the needs of the challenge and the interest of the group.

解决方案部分是您分析调查阶段生成的数据的地方，以找到用于草图和原型的单个解决方案。 不要害怕考虑很多解决方案并丢弃其中的许多解决方案。 重要的是找到与挑战的需求和团队的兴趣相匹配的东西。

After identifying your solution, you must implement it. This phase changes from project to project but all you have to do is bring the solution you defined to life.

确定解决方案后，您必须实施它。 此阶段随项目的不同而变化，但是您要做的就是将定义好的解决方案付诸实践。

Now you have you working solution and the next step is to evaluate the outcome by defining some key points and look back to the process to reflect on what worked and what didn’t.

现在，您已经有了工作解决方案，下一步是通过定义一些关键点来评估结果，并回顾该过程以反思哪些有效，哪些无效。

保持学习 (Keep learning)

Here I gave you the summary of CBL. But if you want to dive deeper (which I recommend), here are some links I used as reference:

在这里，我给了您CBL的摘要。 但是，如果您想更深入(建议这样做)，请参考以下链接：

• CBL White Paper

  CBL白皮书

• Apple Classroom Guide

  苹果教室指南

• Official Website

  官方网站

谢谢阅读 (Thank’s for reading)

Thanks for your time! Feel free to contact me or any of anyone of my team mates.

谢谢你的时间！ 请随时与我或我们的队友联系。

• Developers: Jonata Correa, Guilherme Girotto, Victor Melo

  开发人员： Jonata Correa ， Guilherme Girotto ， Victor Melo

• Designer: Bruno Quadros, Matheus Viana

  设计师： 布鲁诺德罗斯 ， 马修斯维亚纳

• Link to download Echo: https://goo.gl/CUK8oz

  链接下载Echo： https : //goo.gl/CUK8oz

翻译自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-we-used-apples-learning-framework-to-create-our-first-app-91e255b55f03/

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