一、开启归档
1、查看归档信息
SQL> archive log list Database log mode No Archive Mode Automatic archival Disabled Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Oldest online log sequence 244 Current log sequence 246
当前数据库未开启归档
2、设置归档目录
oracle默认使用闪回恢复区DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST作为归档路径
SQL> show parameter DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DESTNAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ db_recovery_file_dest string /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 3882M
闪回恢复区在安装过程中有限制其大小，如果闪回恢复区满了，归档日志会无法写入而导致数据库hang住，解决办法可以增加闪回区大小或者修改归档路径
3、修改归档路径
修改log_archive_dest_1参数可修改归档日志路径（pfile/spfile中参数db_recovery_file_dest指定的目录将无效）
实际上从Oracle 10g开始，可以生成多份一样的日志，保存多个位置，以防不测。多个位置通过设置不同的log_archive_dest_n 参数实现，archive log list输出中的Archive destination路径只显示最新修改的路径。
SQL> show parameter log_archive_dest_1NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ log_archive_dest_1 string log_archive_dest_10 string log_archive_dest_11 string log_archive_dest_12 string log_archive_dest_13 string log_archive_dest_14 string log_archive_dest_15 string log_archive_dest_16 string log_archive_dest_17 string log_archive_dest_18 string log_archive_dest_19 string
修改归档路径为/u01/app/oracle/archive_log
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/archive_log' scope=spfile;System altered.
重启生效
4、修改归档日志格式
SQL> alter system set log_archive_format='ARC%S_%R.%T_%D.dbf' scope=spfile;System altered.
重启生效
5、开启归档
需要在mount状态下开启数据库归档，重启至mount
SQL> shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup mount ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 1603411968 bytes Fixed Size 2213776 bytes Variable Size 989857904 bytes Database Buffers 603979776 bytes Redo Buffers 7360512 bytes Database mounted.
开启数据库归档
SQL> alter database archivelog;Database altered.
查看归档情况
SQL> archive log list Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/archive_log Oldest online log sequence 244 Next log sequence to archive 246 Current log sequence 246
ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
开启强制归档
打开数据库
SQL> alter database open;Database altered.
6、确认数据库为归档模式
SQL> select log_mode from v$database;LOG_MODE ------------ ARCHIVELOGSQL> select archiver from v$instance;ARCHIVE ------- STARTED
7、强制日志切换
先查看当前归档日志视图和归档日志路径：
SQL> select name from v$archived_log;no rows selected
[oracle@zml-rhel6 archive_log]$ ll total 0
没有归档日志，下面执行强制日志切换
SQL> alter system switch logfile;System altered.
再次查看视图
SQL> select name from v$archived_log;NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- /u01/app/oracle/archive_log/ARC0000000246_0963417259.0001_6833bc69.dbf
有归档日志产生，验证成功
二、归档日志清理
1、手动物理删除归档日志
该方式利用linux的命令find查找N天以前的日志，直接删除
[oracle@localhost archive_log]$ find . -type f -mtime +2.4 -print |xargs ls -rlt -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 16092672 6月 4 20:45 ./ARC0000000606_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 38390272 6月 4 22:00 ./ARC0000000607_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 32950272 6月 4 22:02 ./ARC0000000608_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf
该例子中查询到2.4天前日志列表。手工物理删除这些日志文件：
[oracle@localhost archive_log]$ find . -type f -mtime +2.4 -print |xargs rm -f
虽然手工删除的了归档日志文件，但是控制文件中依然会有这些日志的记录，下面需要在控制文件中清理这些归档日志。利用rman：
查看过期日志：
RMAN> list expired archivelog all;specification does not match any archived log in the repository
返回信息显示没有过期日志，这是因为需要先检查归档日志有效性，再进行删除：
RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all; .... .... .... archived log file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/archive/orclwhs/archive_log/ARC0000002400_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf RECID=1795 STAMP=978255518 validation succeeded for archived log archived log file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/archive/orclwhs/archive_log/ARC0000002401_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf RECID=1796 STAMP=978255659 validation succeeded for archived log archived log file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/archive/orclwhs/archive_log/ARC0000002402_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf RECID=1797 STAMP=978256043 Crosschecked 1797 objects
再次查看过期归档日志，rm删除的三个文件便被标记为了过期日志：
RMAN> list expired archivelog all;List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCLWHS =====================================================================Key Thrd Seq S Low Time ------- ---- ------- - --------- 1 1 606 X 04-JUN-18Name: /home/oracle/app/oracle/archive/orclwhs/archive_log/ARC0000000606_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf2 1 607 X 04-JUN-18Name: /home/oracle/app/oracle/archive/orclwhs/archive_log/ARC0000000607_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf3 1 608 X 04-JUN-18Name: /home/oracle/app/oracle/archive/orclwhs/archive_log/ARC0000000608_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf
删除过期归档日志：
RMAN> delete expired archivelog all;released channel: ORA_DISK_1 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=446 device type=DISK List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCLWHS =====================================================================Key Thrd Seq S Low Time ------- ---- ------- - --------- 1 1 606 X 04-JUN-18Name: /home/oracle/app/oracle/archive/orclwhs/archive_log/ARC0000000606_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf2 1 607 X 04-JUN-18Name: /home/oracle/app/oracle/archive/orclwhs/archive_log/ARC0000000607_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf3 1 608 X 04-JUN-18Name: /home/oracle/app/oracle/archive/orclwhs/archive_log/ARC0000000608_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbfDo you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes deleted archived log archived log file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/archive/orclwhs/archive_log/ARC0000000606_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf RECID=1 STAMP=977949943 deleted archived log archived log file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/archive/orclwhs/archive_log/ARC0000000607_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf RECID=2 STAMP=977954446 deleted archived log archived log file name=/home/oracle/app/oracle/archive/orclwhs/archive_log/ARC0000000608_0977259429.0001_fb0ffee2.dbf RECID=3 STAMP=977954551 Deleted 3 EXPIRED objects
再次查询过期归档：
RMAN> list expired archivelog all; specification does not match any archived log in the repository
2、RMAN归档日志清理
删除归档日志正确的流程：
RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all; //验证的DB的归档日志 RMAN> delete expired archivelog all; //删除所有归档日志 RMAN> DELETE ARCHIVELOG ALL COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE-7'; //保留7天的归档日志
定时shell脚本
#!/bin/bash
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export export ORACLE_SID=orclwhs${ORACLE_HOME}/bin/rman nocatalog log=/home/oracle/bin/cleararchivelog/del_arch$(date +%Y-%m-%d).log <<EOF
connect target /
#crosscheck archivelog all;
#delete noprompt expired archivelog all;
DELETE noprompt ARCHIVELOG ALL COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE-2';
exit;
EOF可参考：https://blog.csdn.net/javaee_ssh/article/details/36906413
